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CNMS ICSE - 7 Std
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Key Terms

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Chapter: 08. Allergy

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Immune System: The biological system that defends the body from all types of foreign bodies, such as microorganisms, foreign proteins, and toxic substances.
Immunity: The ability of the body to defend against infections and develop resistance to infectious diseases.
Allergy: An exaggerated or abnormal reaction of the immune system of a person to certain foreign substances that do not bother most other people.
Hyperactivity: The state of being allergic.
Allergens: The substances which trigger an allergic reaction.
Seasonal Allergy: An allergy that develops only during a specific season and comes and goes with the season.
Hay Fever: An allergic reaction to pollen grains, also called allergic rhinitis, which triggers symptoms like sneezing, coughing, and runny nose.
Perennial Allergy: An allergy that appears at any time year-round.
Food Allergies: An intolerance to food items eaten by persons, such as milk, wheat, nuts, and eggs.
Contact Dermatitis: A skin allergy characterized by red and itchy rashes at the point of contact with an allergen.
Urticaria: An outbreak of swollen, pale-red bumps or patches on the skin, also commonly known as hives.
Sensitisation: The process during first exposure to an allergen where the body develops a primary immune response and B-cells start producing IgE antibodies and histamines.
Allergic Asthma: A common form of allergy characterized by the narrowing of bronchi, bronchospasm, sneezing, and difficulty in breathing.
Anaphylaxis: The sudden and most dangerous of all allergic reactions, characterized by the release of large quantities of histamine and a sudden drop in blood pressure.
Skin-prick Test: A diagnostic method where small amounts of suspended allergens are injected intradermally into the patient’s skin to check for inflammatory reactions.
Blood Test: A diagnostic test performed to measure the concentration of specific IgE antibodies in the blood to predict types of allergies and the risk of severe reactions.
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