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CNMS ICSE - 7 Std
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Answer key

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Chapter: 01. Tissues

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SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

© Cellular level (Sponges and algae represent cellular level of organisation and lack division of labour)
(a) Marie Francois Xavier Bichat (He introduced the term tissue in the 180s and is called the Father of Modern Histology)
(d) Meristematic tissues (These are formed of actively dividing young cells responsible for plant growth)
© Xylem parenchyma (All xylem cells are dead except xylem parenchyma)
(b) Tendons (Tendons are strong, inelastic structures that join skeletal muscles to bones)
(d) Cardiac muscle (Cardiac muscles are cylindrical, branched, and found in the wall of the heart)
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SECTION B: FILL IN THE BLANKS

cuticle
very small
ligaments
long bones
nerve
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SECTION C: TRUE OR FALSE

False. Simple multicellular organisms like algae and sponges represent the cellular level of organisation, and they lack division of labour.
True.
True.
False. Bones are hard and nonelastic tissues.
False. Nonstriated muscles are involuntary muscles.
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SECTION D: EXPLANATION OF TERMS

Organisation: The manner in which smaller units of any structure or system are arranged into larger units in a hierarchical fashion.
Sieve plates: The perforated end plates situated between the end-to-end joined sieve tubes in phloem tissue.
Areolar tissue: The most abundant connecting tissue in the body that forms thin sheets, binds skin with underlying tissues, and acts as a packing tissue within body organs.
Lymph: Filtered blood consisting of blood plasma without blood cells (RBCs) and blood proteins, which protects against infection and assists in substance exchange.
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SECTION E: DIFFERENTIATE CONCEPTS

Meristematic and Permanent Tissues (Ability of cells to divide):
Meristematic cells keep on dividing throughout the life of the plant.
Permanent cells are mature and differentiated, and they do not divide.
Tendon and Ligament (Elasticity and type of tissue):
Tendons are strong, nonelastic, and formed of white fibrous tissue.
Ligaments are strong, elastic, and formed of yellow elastic tissue.
Simple Permanent Tissue and Complex Permanent Tissue (Number of cell types):
Simple permanent tissue is formed of only one type of cell.
Complex permanent tissue is formed of more than one type of cell.
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SECTION F: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

WBCs are called the ‘soldiers of the body’ because they fight and kill germs/microbes that enter the body, thereby protecting it from infection.
The two major functions of meristematic tissues are:
Helping plants to grow in length (apical meristem) as well as in girth or thickness (lateral meristem).
Forming all new plant organs like buds, flowers, leaves, and branches by dividing actively.
Collenchyma tissue is found below the epidermis in the leaves, stems, and petioles of herbaceous dicot plants. Its main function is to provide mechanical support.
The shoot system is formed of the stem, its branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits. The root system is made of a main root, its branches, and root hairs.
A neuron is made up of:
Cell body (cyton)
A long cylindrical process (axon)
Short processes arising from the cyton (dendrons)
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SECTION G: DIAGRAM-BASED QUESTION

The cell represented is a neuron (or nerve cell).
A: Cell body (or cyton) ​B: Dendrites (or dendrons) ​C: Axon
The function of part C (axon) is to receive impulses from the cyton and pass them to the adjacent neuron.
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SECTION H: LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

Plant Tissue Classification: Plant tissues are broadly divided into:
Meristematic tissues (Apical and Lateral meristems)
Permanent tissues:
Simple permanent tissues: Protective (Epidermis, Cork) and Supporting (Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma).
Complex permanent tissues: Conducting (Xylem, Phloem).
Functions of Simple Supporting Tissues:
Parenchyma: Stores food material, forms ground tissue, helps in photosynthesis (when containing chlorophyll as chlorenchyma), and assists in conducting water.
Collenchyma: Provides mechanical support and flexibility to leaves, stems, and petioles of herbaceous dicot plants.
Sclerenchyma: Composed of dead, thick-walled cells, it provides mechanical strength, rigidity, and protection to the plant body.
Epithelial Tissues:
Location: They cover the external surface of the body (skin) and body organs, and line the cavities of hollow internal organs.
Characteristics: They form continuous sheets of closely packed cells with no intercellular spaces.
Classification by shape:
Squamous epithelium: Formed of flattened, scale-like cells (pavement epithelium). Located in the outer layer of skin, lining of blood vessels, buccal cavity, and alveoli.
Cuboidal epithelium: Formed of cube-like cells with a centrally placed nucleus. Located in the lining of kidney tubules, thyroid glands, and germinal epithelium of testes/ovaries.
Columnar epithelium: Formed of cylindrical, tall cells with the nucleus near the base. Located in the lining of the pharynx, stomach, intestine, and sweat/sebaceous glands.
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