Chapter: 05. Expansion Of The Delhi Sultanate The Khilji And The Tughlaq Dynasties
Mamluk dynasty: The dynasty of Delhi Sultanate rulers that came to an end in 1290 CE.
Jalaluddin Khilji: The mild and pious founder of the Khilji dynasty who captured the throne of Delhi in 1290 CE.
Alauddin Khilji: A brilliant general and shrewd Turkish administrator who ruled from 1296 to 1316 CE and extended the Delhi Sultanate beyond the Vindhyas.
Malik Kafur: A slave bought for 1,000 dinars who rose to the position of general and led Alauddin Khilji’s campaigns in the Deccan.
Jauhar: A practice where Rajput women burnt themselves to death to escape captivity and dishonour during an invasion.
Dagh: The military reform system of branding horses introduced by Alauddin Khilji.
Chehra: The practice of maintaining a descriptive roll of individual soldiers introduced by Alauddin Khilji.
Shahna: An official appointed by Alauddin Khilji to supervise and control each of the three markets in Delhi.
Price control: The practice where the king or the government controls the prices of goods to prevent shopkeepers from increasing prices.
Alai Darwaza: A beautiful specimen of Khilji architecture built by Alauddin Khilji as an entrance door to the Qutb Minar.
Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq: An efficient administrator and military commander who founded the Tughlaq dynasty in 1320 CE.
Muhammad bin Tughlaq: A highly learned and accomplished scholar who ruled from 1324 to 1351 CE and undertook several poorly executed administrative projects.
Ganga-Yamuna Doab: The fertile land region between the Ganga and Yamuna rivers where Muhammad bin Tughlaq increased land taxes.
Devagiri: The centrally located city in the Deccan to which Muhammad bin Tughlaq shifted his capital and renamed Daulatabad.
Token currency: A system of currency introduced by Muhammad bin Tughlaq where brass and copper coins were given the same value as silver and gold coins.
Firoz Shah Tughlaq: A peace-loving, just, and benevolent ruler who succeeded Muhammad bin Tughlaq and implemented extensive public welfare schemes.
Ulemas: A group of Muslim religious scholars who advised the king.
Shariah: The code of religious Muslim law according to which Firoz Shah Tughlaq ruled the Delhi Sultanate.
Timur: The Mongol ruler of Samarkand in Central Asia who invaded India in 1398–99 CE to plunder its wealth.
Iqta system: A land-revenue assignment system that Firoz Shah Tughlaq reintroduced and made hereditary to appease the nobles.
Ziauddin Barani: A prominent medieval political thinker, companion to Muhammad bin Tughlaq, and historian who composed the Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi.
Bahlul Lodi: The founder of the Afghan Lodi dynasty who established rule over the Delhi Sultanate in 1451 CE.
Ibrahim Lodi: The harsh, cruel, and last ruler of the Lodi dynasty who was defeated and killed in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 CE.