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Chapter: 12. The Constitution And The Preamble

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Section A: Multiple Choice Questions

© Dr. Rajendra Prasad (Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly.)
(d) 1976 (The terms Socialist and Secular were added in 1976 by the 42nd Amendment Act.)
(b) The Magna Carta (The first constitution of the world has its origins in the Magna Carta of medieval England, signed in 1215 CE.)
(b) In a helium-filled case in the Library of the Parliament of India (This is done to preserve the document from discolouration and degradation.)
(b) 5 years (The President of India has a fixed term of 5 years.)
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Section B: Fill in the Blanks

9 December 1946
11 (The assembly took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days.)
people of India (The Preamble opens with “We, the people of India…”)
secular
England
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Section C: True or False Questions

False. The Constitution of India was passed on 26 November 1949 (it came into force on 26 January 1950).
True. (Sarojini Naidu was an important member of the Constituent Assembly.)
False. In a republic, the head of state is an elected official and the post is not hereditary.
True. (The Constitution of India is the longest written constitution of any sovereign state.)
True. (Fraternity is aimed at building a spirit of brotherhood and oneness.)
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Section D: Explanation of Terms

Constitution: A body of fundamental rules and regulations according to which a country is organized and governed, defining the powers of government and the rights/duties of citizens.
Amendment: Any change made in the Constitution of India.
Sovereign: An independent country that is completely free from foreign control, where no outside power can interfere in its internal or external affairs.
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Section E: Differentiating Concepts

Democratic: This means the people of India have the power to elect a government of their choice and govern through their elected representatives.
Republic: This means the head of the state (the President) is an elected official with a fixed term, rather than a hereditary monarch or dictator.
Liberty: The freedom of citizens to think, express themselves, and follow the religion of their choice.
Equality: The status where all citizens are equal before the law, protected equally by the law, and free from state discrimination based on caste, creed, sex, religion, or wealth.
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Section F: Diagram-Based Questions

The Preamble is defined as the introduction to the Constitution.
The “Objectives” branch lists these terms. They represent the main core goals and objectives that the Constitution aims to secure for all its citizens.
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Section G: Short Answer Questions

The original copy is kept in a helium-filled case in the Library of the Parliament of India to preserve the document from discolouration and other time-related degradation.
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Babasaheb) is the Father of the Indian Constitution. He hoped to eradicate social and economic inequalities and secure opportunities for India’s oppressed classes.
Promoted feelings of fraternity and being “one people” help to break down social barriers between different communities. This helps remove social evils such as untouchability and communalism, allowing harmony to prevail.
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Section H: Long Answer Questions

A Socialist state aims to promote social and economic equality by ensuring the fair distribution of the country’s wealth among all sections of people. It means providing equal opportunities to all individuals. By bridging the gap between the rich and the poor, the state ensures that wealth is not concentrated in a few hands and that marginalized classes have access to resources and development.
The Constitution of India was drafted by an elected body representing all communities, classes, and shades of opinion, called the Constituent Assembly.
Key Members: Chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, with key members including Dr. B. R. Ambedkar (Chairman of the Drafting Committee), Maulana Azad, Sarojini Naidu, and Jawaharlal Nehru.
Time Taken: The assembly held its first meeting on 9 December 1946 and took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to complete its task.
Key Dates: It passed the Constitution on 26 November 1949, and it came into force on 26 January 1950, a day celebrated annually as Republic Day.
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