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CNMS ICSE - 7 Std
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Chapter: 02. Motion

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What is translatory motion?
Translatory motion is the motion of an object in which every point of the object moves through the same distance in the same interval of time.
Give two examples of objects at rest.
Two examples of objects at rest are a chair kept on the floor and a tree rooted to the ground.
Provide an example that demonstrates how rest and motion are relative terms.
A passenger sitting in a moving train is at rest with respect to the train’s seats but is in motion with respect to the trees and houses outside.
Define rectilinear motion.
Rectilinear motion is the motion of an object along a straight line.
Provide two examples of curvilinear motion.
Two examples of curvilinear motion are a car taking a turn on a road and a basketball being thrown into a hoop.
What is circular motion?
Circular motion is the motion of an object about a fixed central point along the circumference of a circle.
How does rotatory motion differ from translatory motion?
In rotatory motion, a body moves about a fixed axis and different points move through different distances, whereas in translatory motion, all points move through the same distance.
Define oscillatory motion.
Oscillatory motion is the to-and-fro or back-and-forth movement of an object about its mean position.
State one key physical difference between oscillatory and vibratory motion.
In oscillatory motion, there is no physical change in the shape of the body, whereas in vibratory motion, there is a physical change in the shape of the body.
Give two daily life examples of vibratory motion.
Two examples of vibratory motion are the plucking of strings on a guitar and playing a drum.
Why is the motion of the hands of a clock considered periodic?
The motion of the hands of a clock is periodic because they repeat their positions at fixed, regular intervals of time.
What is a simple pendulum?
A simple pendulum is an arrangement consisting of a small heavy mass, called a bob, suspended by a weightless, inextensible, and flexible string from a rigid support.
What is complex or multiple motion?
Complex or multiple motion is a type of motion that is a combination of two or more different types of motion occurring simultaneously.
Define random motion.
Random motion is the motion in which an object changes its direction frequently in an irregular or zig-zag path.
What is speed and how is it calculated?
Speed is the distance travelled by an object per unit time, calculated by dividing the distance travelled by the time taken.
Define uniform motion.
Uniform motion is the motion of an object when it covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.
What is average speed?
Average speed is calculated as the total distance travelled by an object divided by the total time taken to cover that distance.
What is a light year and what is its value in metres?
A light year is the distance travelled by light in one year, which is equal to 9.4605284 × 10¹⁵ metres.
Distinguish between the definitions of mass and weight.
Mass is the quantity of matter contained in a body, while weight is the gravitational force with which the Earth attracts that body towards its centre.
Why is the weight of a person on the Earth different from their weight on the Moon?
The weight of a person is different because the Earth has a much larger mass than the Moon and thus exerts a much stronger gravitational pull.
What instrument is used to measure the weight of an object?
The weight of an object is measured using a spring balance.
What is weightlessness?
Weightlessness is a condition experienced by a body when it is not in contact with any other body and is acted upon only by the force of gravity.
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