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Key Terms

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Chapter: 12. The Constitution And The Preamble

Constitution: A body of fundamental rules and regulations according to which a country is organized and governed, defining the powers of government and the rights of citizens.
Constituent Assembly: An elected body representing all communities, classes, and opinions of India that was formed to frame the Constitution of India.
Magna Carta: Meaning the Great Charter, a historical document signed in 1215 CE by King John of England outlining the powers of rulers and the rights of the ruled.
Preamble: An introduction to the Constitution that tells us about the source of the Constitution, the nature of the state, and its main objectives.
Sovereign: An independent country which is completely free from foreign control and not subject to any outside authority.
Socialism: Fair distribution of the country’s wealth among all sections of the people and providing equal opportunities to all to bridge the gap between the rich and the poor.
Secular state: A state which does not adopt an official or state religion and does not discriminate against anybody on the basis of religion.
Democracy: A system of government of the people, for the people, and by the people, where citizens elect a government of their choice.
Republic: A state where the head of state is an elected official with a fixed term, and the post is not hereditary.
Amendment: Any change made in the Constitution of India.
Justice: The principle that all citizens are equal in the eyes of the law and shall not be denied their due based on birth, race, caste, creed, sex, status, or religion.
Liberty: The freedom of every citizen to enjoy fundamental rights, such as the freedom to think and express oneself, and the freedom to follow the religion of one’s choice.
Equality: The principle that all citizens are equal before the law, protected equally by the laws of the land, and free from discrimination by the state.
Fraternity: A spirit of brotherhood and oneness among the different sections of society aimed at removing social barriers between different communities.
 
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