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Chapter: 06. Excretory System

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Accumulation of waste substances inside the body proves toxic and produces _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
health problems
The process of removal of excretory substances from the body is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
excretion
If ammonia and carbon dioxide accumulate in cells, they will disturb the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ balance within the cells.
ionic
Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP are produced during the process of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
respiration
Urea is formed in liver cells by the combination of ammonia and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
carbon dioxide
Ammonia is produced by the breaking down of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the liver cells.
amino acids
Each kidney has about a million microscopic excretory units called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
nephrons (or uriniferous tubules)
Inside the cup-shaped Bowman’s capsule is a network of blood capillaries called the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
glomerulus
The opening of the urethra is controlled by a muscular _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ formed of circular involuntary muscles.
sphincter
The process of maintaining water balance and salt concentration in the blood is known as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
osmoregulation
Sweat glands in the skin remove excess water, urea, and salts like _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
sodium chloride
When sweat dries, the water evaporates and leaves behind salt, which forms white patches on coloured clothes in the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ area.
underarm
Urinary tract infection is commonly caused by the bacterium _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
E. coli
Kidney stones are formed due to the deposition of crystals of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, calcium phosphate, and uric acid.
calcium oxalate
When both kidneys are damaged, nitrogenous wastes are removed periodically using an artificial kidney through a process called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
dialysis
Willem Johan Kolff earned his doctorate in internal medicine from the University of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
Groningen
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