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CNMS ICSE - 7 Std
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Chapter: 07. Rise Of The Vijayanagar And Bahmani Kingdoms

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Harihara I and Bukka Raya I: The two brothers who established the Vijayanagar kingdom in 1336 CE on the banks of the river Tungabhadra.
Raichur Doab: The fertile area lying between the river Krishna and the river Tungabhadra that was a constant source of conflict between the Vijayanagar and Bahmani kingdoms.
Domingo Paes: A Portuguese traveller who visited the Vijayanagar empire in the 16th century CE during the reign of Krishnadeva Raya and recorded his impressions in a chronicle.
Abdur Razzaq: A Persian traveller who visited the Vijayanagar kingdom in the 15th century CE and recorded observations about its grandeur and splendour.
Pardesis: The foreign nobles in the Bahmani kingdom who were in constant conflict with the local nobles.
Deccanis: The local nobles in the Bahmani kingdom who were in conflict with the foreign nobles.
Rajya or Mandalam: A province in the Vijayanagar kingdom, which was the primary division of the empire under the charge of a governor.
Nadu: A district in the Vijayanagar kingdom, which was a subdivision of a province.
Grama: A village, which was the bottom unit of the administrative ladder in the Vijayanagar kingdom.
Wazir: The prime minister of the Bahmani kingdom, a position held by the competent leader Mahmud Gawan under Muhammad Shah III.
Sati: A historical practice where a widow sacrificed herself by sitting on her deceased husband’s funeral pyre.
Tirth: A holy place, such as the village of Hampi, around which the capital city of Vijayanagar was developed.
Gol Gumbaz: An impressive tomb of Adil Shah of Bijapur, meaning ‘round dome’, which features the second largest whispering dome in the world.
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