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CNMS ICSE - 7 Std
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Key Terms

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Chapter: 07. Electricity

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Electric current: The current caused by the movement of free electrons.
Protons: Positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom.
Electrons: Negatively charged subatomic particles that revolve around the nucleus in paths called orbits.
Neutrons: Subatomic particles located in the nucleus that do not have any charge.
Nucleus: The centre of an atom consisting of protons and neutrons.
Orbits: The paths around the nucleus in which electrons revolve.
Ampere: The SI unit of electric current, measuring the rate of electron flow in a conductor.
Coulomb: The SI unit of electric charge.
Potential difference: The amount of work done in moving a unit charge from one point to another.
Volt: The SI unit of potential difference, equal to one Joule per Coulomb.
Conventional current: The electric current that flows from the positive terminal of the battery to the negative terminal.
Electrochemical cell: A small source of electricity that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
Primary cell: A type of electric cell that cannot be recharged after use.
Secondary cell: A type of electric cell, also called a storage cell or accumulator, in which the chemical reaction is reversible so it can be recharged.
Electrolyte: A chemical substance inside a cell, often in the form of a paste or solution, that facilitates the chemical reactions.
Anode: The positive electrode of an electric cell.
Cathode: The negative electrode of an electric cell.
Battery: A number of cells connected in a series, where the positive terminal of one is in contact with the negative terminal of the next.
Mains: The public supply of electricity for people to use in their homes, offices, and other structures.
Electric generator: A device, also known as a dynamo, that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Solar cell: A device used to convert solar energy into electrical energy.
Solar panel: A unit formed by a large number of solar cells connected together.
Electric circuit: A closed path in which electric current flows.
Closed circuit: A complete circuit in which electric current flows.
Open circuit: An incomplete circuit in which electrical contact is broken at some point, preventing current flow.
Circuit diagram: A convenient way to show the path of electric current on paper by using conventional symbols.
Resistors: Devices or electrical components having resistance to the passage of an electric current.
Resistance: The measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit.
Conductors: Substances which allow electric current to flow through them easily.
Insulators: Substances, also called non-conductors, which do not allow electric current to flow through them easily.
Fuse: A safety device containing a wire that melts and breaks the electric circuit when the current exceeds a permissible value.
Circuit breaker: An automatically operated safety device that breaks the electric circuit in case of an overload or short circuit.
Gallery
 
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