3rd Grade ICSE

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07. Forms Of Matter Solids, Liquids And Gases

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Prepared by: learnloophq@gmail.com

Last edited 37 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 07. Forms Of Matter Solids, Liquids And Gases

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Forms of Matter: Solids, Liquids and Gases

Understanding Our World: Matter and Its Forms

Our world is full of amazing things! Everything around us, from the air we breathe to the chair we sit on, is known as matter.

What is Matter?

Matter is anything that has mass (it takes up weight) and occupies space (it takes up room).

Solids, liquids, and gases are the three main forms of matter.

Even water, which we see every day, can exist in all three forms!

Look at this picture of water in different forms:

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In the picture above:

Ice is a solid.

The water is a liquid.

The steam coming from the kettle is a gas.

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FORMS OF MATTER

Let’s explore the different forms of matter in more detail!

Solids

Solids are things that have a fixed shape and a fixed size. They keep their shape and don’t spread out. Solids also cannot flow, meaning they stay put unless you move them.

Characteristics of Solids:

Have a fixed shape.

Have a fixed size.

Cannot flow.

Examples of Solids:

Table

Chair

Tree

Mobile phone

Lego blocks

Chair

Tree

Mobile phone

Ice

Pakora

Umbrella

Pens and Pencils

Sharpener

Balloon (when inflated)

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Liquids

Liquids are fascinating! They do not have a fixed shape of their own, but they do take up a fixed amount of space. The most important thing about liquids is that they always take the shape of the container they are in. They also flow very easily.

Characteristics of Liquids:

Do not have a fixed shape.

Take up a fixed space.

Take the shape of the container they are in.

Flow easily.

Examples of Liquids:

Milk

Juice

Water

Rain

Kerosene

Olive oil

Lemonade

Ink

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Activity: Liquids Flow and Take Shape

You can try a fun activity to see how liquids behave!

Aim: To show that liquids flow and take the shape of the container.

How to do it:

Gather different types of containers (like a cup, a bowl, a bottle).

Carefully pour water from one container to another.

Observe: Watch how the water moves (it flows!) and how its shape changes to fill each new container.

Important Note: After your observation, please do not throw the water away! Instead, use it to water plants. This helps save water and keeps our plants happy!

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Think About It: Is Sand a Solid or a Liquid?

Sand can be poured, and it takes the shape of the container it’s in, just like a liquid! But is it truly a liquid?

Here’s the trick: While sand flows and takes the shape of its container like a liquid, each tiny grain of sand actually has its own fixed shape and size.

If you look at just one grain of sand, it won’t change its shape unless you crush it. Liquids, on the other hand, don’t have individual parts with fixed shapes; the whole substance flows and adapts.

So, sand is considered a solid! It’s made up of many tiny solid pieces that can move past each other, making the whole collection appear to flow.

Can you think of other solids that might behave similarly, like tiny pebbles, rice, or sugar?

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Gases

Gases are the trickiest form of matter because most of them cannot be seen! Gases do not have a fixed shape or a fixed size. They also don’t take up a fixed amount of space. Instead, gases will spread out to fill the entire space of any container they are in. Just like liquids, gases also flow very easily.

Characteristics of Gases:

Do not have a fixed shape.

Do not have a fixed size.

Do not take up a fixed space.

Take up the entire space of the container they are present in.

Flow easily.

Most gases cannot be seen.

Examples of Gases:

Water vapour (which is steam)

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Air (the gas inside a balloon)

Oxygen (the gas we breathe in)

Carbon dioxide

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USES OF MATTER

We use different forms of matter every single day without even realizing it! Many of the things we interact with are solids, liquids, or gases. Let’s learn about some of their important uses:

Uses of Liquids:

Water: Many plants and animals live in water. We need to drink plenty of water every day to stay healthy.

Juice: A healthy liquid that is good for our bodies.

Rain: A natural liquid that many of us enjoy, especially during the monsoon season.

Uses of Solids:

Pakora: A solid food we might enjoy eating, especially when it rains.

Umbrella: A solid object we use to protect ourselves from the rain.

Ice: A solid form of water used to make drinks cold.

Mobile phones and landline phones: Solid devices we use to call and talk to our family members and friends.

Pens and pencils: Solid tools we use for writing.

Sharpener: A solid tool used to sharpen pencils.

Balloon: The material of a balloon is a solid, but it’s often filled with gas.

Uses of Gases:

Air: When we blow up a balloon, it gets filled with air, which is a gas.

Oxygen: This is a very important gas that we breathe in to stay alive.

INFO-HUB

Did you know that medicines can come in different forms of matter? Some medicines are solids (like pills or tablets), while others are liquids (like cough syrup).

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Key Terms to Remember

It’s helpful to remember these important words from the chapter:

Matter: Anything that has mass and occupies space.

Oxygen: The gas that we breathe in.

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Chapter Summary: Forms of Matter at a Glance

Let’s quickly recap what we’ve learned about the three forms of matter:

Solids

Have a fixed shape and size.

Cannot flow.

Example: A table.

Liquids

Do not have a fixed shape.

Take up a fixed space.

Take the shape of their container.

Can flow easily.

Example: Water.

Gases

Do not have a fixed shape.

Do not take up a fixed space.

Fill the entire space of their container.

Can flow easily.

Example: Water vapour (steam).

Remember, water is a special type of matter that can exist as a solid (ice), a liquid (water), and a gas (steam)!

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