3rd Grade ICSE

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12. Famous People Of India

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Last edited 37 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 12. Famous People Of India

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Describe the significant contributions of Dr. S. Radhakrishnan to India.

Dr. S. Radhakrishnan was a profound teacher and author, born in Andhra Pradesh in 1888, who wrote many books about India. He firmly believed in the equality of all Indians, advocating for unity and respect. His distinguished service included being the first Vice-President and subsequently the second President of India. In recognition of his immense contributions as an educator, his birthday on September 5th is celebrated annually as Teacher’s Day across the country.

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Explain Rabindranath Tagore’s multifaceted genius and his national and international impact.

Rabindranath Tagore, born in Kolkata in 1861, was a versatile artist, renowned as a great poet, writer, and composer. He achieved international fame by becoming the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize for his profound collection of poems, Gitanjali. Tagore also composed numerous songs known as Rabindra Sangeet, and notably, he penned India’s National Anthem, Jana Gana Mana. Mahatma Gandhi revered him, bestowing the title “Gurudev,” highlighting his role as a great teacher, and Tagore also established the university at Shantiniketan.

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Discuss Mahatma Gandhi’s pivotal role and ideology in India’s freedom struggle.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, widely known as Mahatma Gandhi, served as the primary leader of India’s national freedom movement against British rule. His core philosophy was non-violence, urging people to resist oppression peacefully without resorting to aggression. Gandhi encouraged Indians to boycott foreign goods, especially those made in England, to promote self-sufficiency and economic independence. Revered as Bapu and ‘The Father of the Nation,’ his birthday on October 2nd is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti, and Rajghat in Delhi stands as a memorial to his legacy.

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Elaborate on Shivaji Raje Bhosle’s bravery, leadership, and military innovations.

Shivaji Raje Bhosle, born near Pune in 1630, was the valiant founder of the Maratha Kingdom. His bravery was legendary, exemplified by how he used his ‘bagh nak’ to defeat an enemy general and ingeniously escaped Aurangzeb’s captivity hidden in a basket of sweets. Shivaji was a shrewd general, recognizing the strategic importance of a strong naval force for his kingdom’s defense. He was also a master of guerilla warfare, employing surprise attacks effectively against his enemies, and is remembered for his kindness and profound respect for women.

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Summarize Swami Vivekananda’s spiritual journey and his impact on youth and global religious understanding.

Swami Vivekananda, born in Kolkata in 1863, was a profound spiritual leader who deeply studied yoga and Hindu scriptures. He traveled to England and America, where he eloquently spoke about yoga and the Hindu religion, introducing these philosophies to a wider global audience. He founded the Ramakrishna Math and the Ramakrishna Mission in honor of his guru, Sri Ramakrishna. Swami Vivekananda served as a significant inspiration and leader for the youth of India, and his birthday, January 12, is celebrated as National Youth Day, commemorating his legacy.

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Describe Sarojini Naidu’s unique talents and her significant role in India’s freedom movement and post-independence governance.

Sarojini Naidu, born in Hyderabad in 1879, was a child prodigy, demonstrating her genius by writing a long play at 13 and joining Madras University at 12. She mastered many languages early in life, showcasing her exceptional intellect. Later, she played a vital role in the freedom movement, working closely with Mahatma Gandhi and representing India multiple times in England. Her dedication led her to be jailed, and after independence, she made history as the first woman Governor of Uttar Pradesh, earning the affectionate title ‘Nightingale of India’ for her poetry.

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Explain Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose’s groundbreaking scientific discoveries and his institutional legacy.

Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose, born in 1858, was one of India’s pioneering scientists, known for his revolutionary research. Through extensive experiments, he provided scientific proof that plants and animals share many common characteristics, challenging conventional understanding. He famously demonstrated that plants are sensitive to external stimuli like heat, cold, noise, and light, and actively respond to them. His intellectual contributions are enshrined in his most famous book, “Response in the Living and Non-Living,” and he established the prestigious Bose Institute in Kolkata for further scientific exploration.

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Detail Bachendri Pal’s achievements and her inspiration for young women in mountaineering.

Bachendri Pal, born in 1954 in a small Uttarakhand village, harbored a lifelong interest in adventurous activities and mountaineering. Driven by her passion, she undertook a mountaineering course with the aim of teaching and guiding young women in this challenging field. Her crowning achievement came when she became the first Indian woman to successfully climb the formidable Mount Everest, a feat that brought her national recognition. For this remarkable accomplishment, she was honored with both the Arjuna Award and the Padmashree, symbolizing her excellence and contribution.

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Who is Vandana Shiva and what is her key contribution to environmental activism in India?

Vandana Shiva is recognized as a leading environmental activist from India, dedicated to promoting sustainable practices. She established Navdanya, a significant Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), which plays a crucial role in her environmental mission. Through Navdanya, she has successfully set up numerous seed banks across India, aiming to preserve biodiversity and traditional farming knowledge. Her primary contribution lies in her vigorous advocacy for organic farming, encouraging agricultural methods that are environmentally friendly and sustainable.

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