Chapter: 11. Cleanliness, Health And Hygiene
Quick Check
Sanjay is biting his nails. Nakul slept for only 2 hours last night. Farida drinks two glasses of milk daily. Hina combs her hair daily. Kanak does not brush her teeth at night. I. Very Short Answer Questions
A. Write CS for the correct sentence and IS for the incorrect sentence.
Sita washes her hands only after the morning meal. Raina says, “Bathing keeps us fresh and healthy.” Hari washes his hair only once a month. Beena likes to keep her nails short and clean. Shitij has volunteered for ‘Clean India’ drive. B. Fill in the blanks.
We should develop good (good/bad) habits to stay healthy. We should visit a dentist (park/dentist) every six months. We should trim our nails (hair/nails) weekly. We must eat fresh (fresh/stale) food. We should exercise daily (daily/sometimes). C. Unjumble the letters and define the following words.
HYGIENE: All activities that we do to keep ourselves clean and healthy. SURROUNDINGS: Everything around us, including roads, buildings, plants, parks, animals, soil, air, and water. CLEAN INDIA (Swachh Bharat Abhiyan): A campaign by the Government of India with a mission to clean Indian cities and villages. ORAL HYGIENE: Keeping our mouth and teeth clean. D. Complete the concept map.
Wash hands before and after meals. Wash hands with soap and water after using the toilet. Visit a dentist every six months. Wash hair regularly with shampoo or soap. Massage scalp with oil thrice a week. Keep nails short and clean. Wear clean clothes every day. II. Short Answer Questions
Complete the following sentences.
a. Bathing not only keeps you fresh and clean, but also keeps you fit and healthy.
b. A good sleep at night is necessary to feel fresh and energetic when we wake up.
c. We should eat different food types in the right quantities to get all necessary nutrients.
d. We must not speak while eating because it can choke us.
e. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a campaign by the Government of India with a mission to clean Indian cities and villages. Why do we need to exercise and rest? We need to exercise to make our body strong and fit. We need to rest (especially a good sleep) after work and play to feel fresh and energetic. How can surroundings become unhealthy? Surroundings can become unhealthy when garbage is thrown around (on roads, playgrounds, in rivers, lakes, ponds). Spitting on roads and walls, littering in public places, and using plastic bags also contribute to unhealthy surroundings. Allowing water to collect, as insects reproduce in stagnant water, can also make surroundings unhealthy. III. Long Answer Questions
Ravi is having a toothache. Suggest how Ravi can maintain a good oral hygiene. Ravi should brush his teeth twice a day, once in the morning and again before going to bed at night. He should massage his gums after brushing his teeth. He must rinse his mouth well every time after eating or drinking anything. He should change his toothbrush every three months and visit a dentist every six months. Hina did not bathe for two days. Rohan told her, “Why do you look so ill today, Hina?” Why do you think it is important to take a bath daily? It is important to take a bath daily because bathing not only keeps us fresh and smelling good, but also keeps us fit and healthy. It washes away dirt and germs that can accumulate on our skin, preventing skin problems and making us feel ill or unhealthy. Write any four ways by which you can take care of your body. Eat fresh and healthy food in the right quantities. Drink plenty of water and at least two glasses of milk daily. Exercise regularly through activities like yoga, aerobics, cycling, or swimming. Take proper rest, including about eight hours of sleep at night, and get up early. Write any four ways to keep the surroundings clean. Always throw garbage in dustbins and avoid littering. Stop using plastic bags and use environment-friendly bags like paper or jute bags. Do not allow water to collect in your surroundings to prevent insect breeding. Grow more plants to make your surroundings green, beautiful, and the air fresh. Jayant says to his mother, “Mummy, there are a lot of mosquitoes in the water that has collected outside our gate.” What do you think Jayant and his mother should do? Jayant and his mother should immediately remove the collected water. They should ensure that water does not collect in that spot again by clearing any blockages or leveling the ground if possible. They could also put a small amount of oil or larvicide in any unavoidable standing water to prevent mosquito breeding, but the best solution is to remove the water entirely. IV. Challenge
After coming back from school in the afternoon, Zeba spends most of her time playing games on her mother’s smartphone. Her friends keep calling her in the evening to play in the park. But Zeba finds the smartphone more interesting than the park. Do you think Zeba has a healthy day-to-day routine? No, Zeba does not have a healthy day-to-day routine. While smartphone use can be recreational, spending most of her time on it and avoiding outdoor play means she is not getting enough physical exercise, fresh air, or social interaction, all of which are important for overall health and well-being. Guess who I am.
a. I am a hand tool used to trim nails. NAIL CLIPPER
b. I am a flat device with pointed teeth used to make hair styles. COMB
c. You massage your scalp using me. OIL
d. You use me to wash your hands after using the toilet. SOAP
e. I am used for sweeping the floor. Is it a good practice to use plastic bottles to store water? Discuss in class. While plastic bottles are convenient, using them to store water, especially for long periods or reusing them frequently, may not always be a good practice. Some plastics can leach chemicals into the water, especially when exposed to heat or sunlight. From an environmental perspective, the chapter also highlights the issue of plastic pollution, encouraging the use of environment-friendly alternatives. Reusable bottles made of safer materials like stainless steel or glass are generally considered better for both health and the environment. V. Enrichment
A. Research: Have you heard of the 5Rs of waste management? Find out what these Rs mean and share the information in class.
Reduce: To lessen the amount of waste generated. This means buying less, choosing products with less packaging, and avoiding single-use items. Reuse: To use items again for their original purpose or for a new purpose instead of throwing them away. Recycle: To process used materials into new products to prevent waste of potentially useful materials, reduce consumption of fresh raw materials, and reduce energy usage. Recover: To extract useful materials or energy from waste that cannot be recycled (e.g., through composting or waste-to-energy processes). Refuse: To reject items that are harmful to the environment or that create unnecessary waste, such as plastic bags or excessive packaging. B. Project: School Cleanliness Survey and Discussion
This is a project activity for students to conduct a survey and discuss cleanliness in their school. Science Quest Integrated Physical education: Yoga poses useful for our body?
Yoga poses are useful for our body in many ways: They improve flexibility and strength. They help to improve posture and balance. They can reduce stress and improve mental well-being. They can also help with better breathing and blood circulation. 
Answers to textbook exercises