Chapter: 18. The Environment
Workout
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
(Human/Animals) activities have led to pollution. Dust and smoke make the (water/air) dirty. (Soft/Loud) music disturbs people. Oil spills pollute the (land/oceans). B. Match the columns.
a. loudspeakers
b. plastic and metal cans
c. smoke and dust
d. oil spills
air pollution - c. smoke and dust water pollution - d. oil spills land pollution - b. plastic and metal cans noise pollution - a. loudspeakers C. Tick the correct answer.
Water pollution can be reduced by
a. not burning garbage
b. not throwing garbage into water bodies
c. not adding chemicals to the soil b. not throwing garbage into water bodies Air pollution is caused by
a. burning crackers
b. loudspeakers
c. plastic bags D. Answer these questions orally.
Pollution is when harmful materials make the environment dirty. Who is responsible for most of the pollution? Human activities are mainly responsible for most of the pollution. Pollutants are things that pollute the atmosphere, such as smoke and poisonous gases. What causes water pollution? Water pollution is caused by waste from factories and homes released into water bodies, washing clothes/bathing animals in water, throwing trash into water bodies, and oil spills into oceans. E. Answer these questions.
What are the causes of land and noise pollution? Land pollution is caused by too much waste like plastic bags, metal containers, and glass pieces from homes, offices, and market places, which make the land dirty. Noise pollution is caused by loud unwanted noise such as loud music or loudspeakers, sounds from machines, and the honking of vehicles. What do you understand by conservation of the environment? Conservation of the environment means taking care of the Earth, which includes protecting and preserving the air, water, animal and plant life, as well as humans. Why do we celebrate World Environment Day? We celebrate World Environment Day to remember the importance of protecting our Earth and to encourage everyone to take steps to look after it. Think Box
A. Ramu dhobi washes clothes in ponds. Do you think it is good? Give reasons for your answer.
No, it is not good. Washing clothes in ponds introduces detergents, soaps, chemicals, and dirt into the water, which pollutes the water body and harms the aquatic life and plants living there. B. Why is it important to think about where our garbage goes?
It is important to think about where our garbage goes because improper disposal can lead to land pollution, contaminate groundwater, harm animals that might consume or get tangled in it, and if burned, contribute to air pollution, all of which negatively impact the environment and human health. Picture Study
Look at the signs and guess what they stand for?
The first sign stands for: No Noise / Quiet Zone (or Prohibits Noise Pollution). The second sign stands for: No Plastic Bags (or Prohibits the use of Plastic Bags). The third sign stands for: No Fire / No Burning (or Prohibits open flames/burning). Life Skills and Values
Count your trash
Make a list of the things that you have thrown away today.
(This is a personal activity for the student to complete by listing their own trash items for the day.) A. Make posters in groups to stop noise, air, water and land pollution. Display them in your school to spread awareness.
(This is a group activity designed to promote awareness in school.) B. Write an autobiography of a fish in a pond that has been polluted by humans. Write why it says, ‘Help, I can’t breathe.’
(This is a creative writing exercise for the student to complete.) C. Make an Eco-friendly cleaner:
You will need spray bottles, 1/2 cup vinegar, 1/4 cup baking soda, 2 litres water. In a large bowl, mix vinegar with soda and add water to it. Fill the mixture in the spray bottles. Use it for cleaning around the house instead of chemical cleaners. Just shake well before use.
(This is a practical DIY activity for the student to perform.) 
Answers to textbook exercises
