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All species of plants and animals play an important role in nature by co-existing in food chains and food webs, maintaining the balance of the environment.Herbivores eat only plants, while carnivores eat other animals.Overgrazing is excessive eating of grass and plants by herbivores, which can lead to the destruction of forests and habitats.Animals depend on plants for oxygen, which is released during photosynthesis and is needed for breathing.Examples of non-living things in the environment are air, water, light, heat, and soil.Animals like birds depend on plants for shelter, using trees and bushes for nesting and protection.Butterflies help in plant reproduction by acting as pollinators, transferring pollen to help plants produce fruits.Consumers are organisms that cannot make their own food and eat plants or other animals for food.Natural causes of imbalance in nature include sudden death of species and natural disasters like forest fires, floods, or diseases.The two main types of living things in the environment are plants and animals.Animals help in seed dispersal by carrying seeds to new locations, aiding plant growth and spread.Plants make their own food through photosynthesis, using carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and chlorophyll.If one part of a food chain is disturbed, such as grass drying up during a drought, herbivores like deer may die, affecting carnivores like foxes and leopards.Land development upsets the balance of nature by reducing living spaces for other species, destroying habitats, and affecting the populations of plants and animals.Plants act as producers in a food chain, making food that is eaten by herbivores and other consumers.Scavengers feed on the flesh of dead animals, helping to clean up the environment.Vermicomposting is a method of converting wet garbage into manure, using earthworms to enrich the soil.Decomposers break down decaying matter into simpler substances, returning nutrients to the soil for plants to use.Hunting affects the balance of nature by reducing animal populations, which can lead to overpopulation of prey species and overgrazing, disrupting food chains.A food web is a network of interconnected food chains, differing from a food chain, which is a single chain of eating and being eaten, by showing multiple feeding relationships in an environment.Examples of omnivores are bears, pigs, crows, sparrows, squirrels, and peacocks.Interdependence between plants and animals helps maintain the balance in nature by ensuring a stable flow of food, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, as well as supporting shelter, pollination, and seed dispersal, keeping species populations in check.A food chain shows the flow of food energy between different living things in an environment.Plants are called producers because they produce their own food through photosynthesis.Introducing a new species into an environment can upset the balance of nature by disrupting food chains and affecting existing species populations.Animals provide carbon dioxide to plants, which is used in photosynthesis to make food.Pollution upsets the balance of nature by harming plants and animals, destroying habitats, and affecting the populations of various species.Plants and animals co-exist in nature through food chains and food webs, where each species depends on others for food, gas exchange, shelter, and reproduction.The components needed for photosynthesis besides carbon dioxide are water, sunlight, and chlorophyll.
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Chapter: 07. Plants And Animals Depend On Each Other
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