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Drug unit

Analgesics

pain: signal to brain that something is hurting
central nervous system (CNS): brain, spinal cord, retina
nerves in the body create proteins to send signals to the CNS
analgesic: pain-relieving drugs
mild analgesic: reduces the production of proteins that cause signals
examples
willow tree bark: chew, drink water soaked with it
salicylic acid: skincare, originally pain
aspirin: safer salicylic acid (reduces stomach irritation)
acetaminophen
reduces fever and pain
Tylenol
not as effective for swelling
rare to be allergic
ibuprofen
Advil
good for swelling
rare to be allergic
advantages
reduces pain
reduces swelling
helps heart attacks
disadvantages
can cause ulcers
can cause allergic reactions
can cause an overdose in babies
strong analgesic: binds to the nerve receptor so that it cannot signal the brain
narcotics: make you feel tired
poppy seeds (China, Afghanistan)
opium
codeine
morphine
add acetylation and heat to morphine to make heroin
to reach same level of potency:
6x codeine → morphine
2x morphine → oxycodone
3x morphine → heroin
50-100x heroin → fentanyl
advantages
reduces strong pain
euphoria, less stress
reduces coughing
stops diarrhea
disadvantages
reduces nutrition (skinny)
can make you sterile
can result in loss of job (crime)
physically/psychologically addictive
death due to overdose

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