The water supply system in high-rise buildings can be quite complex. One of the challenges is the loss of pressure as water travels up a vertical pipe.
As the building gets taller, the water pressure at the bottom of a vertical pipe becomes too great for safe operation and building codes
To address this, a system of pressure-reducing valves and sub-risers is used to manage inconsistent water pressure throughout a skyscraper
Pressure-reducing valves reduce the pressure at the bottom of the building, while sub-risers increase the pressure for the upper floors
There are different distribution systems used in high-rise structures:
Direct Supply System: Useful when pressure is available round the clock at the topmost floor. However, floors above the 2nd or 3rd storey may face a shortfall of water pressure
Direct Pumping Systems: Water is pumped directly into the distribution system without the aid of any overhead tank (OHT) except for flushing purposes. This system is applicable where there is continuous demand on the system
Hydro-pneumatic Systems: An airtight pressure vessel is installed on the line to regulate pump operation. This system eliminates the need for an OHT and supplies water at a much higher pressure, resulting in even distribution on all floors
Overhead Tank Distribution (Down Feed Arrangement): Water is distributed through pipes located on the terrace through gravity. This system comprises one or more OHTs placed at the topmost location of the hydraulic zone
Each system has its advantages and considerations, such as availability of pressure, constant demand, power supply reliability, and maintenance requirements
It’s important to note that when dealing with water supply issues in high-rise buildings, it’s crucial to identify the causes accurately before implementing solutions. Installing an incorrect solution can lead to unnecessary expenses and potential risks
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High Rise Water Supply
