They are located in the south of Thailand. They are indigenous fisher communities and they numbers perhaps are more than 5,000 in total, divided into several different groups.
They are under threat because they may lose their way of life because of international tourism. Their land is becoming very famous so the creation of protected marine parks, the depletion of fish stocks, and a construction frenzy are all making it increasingly hard for the “Chao Lay” people to maintain their lifestyles. In recent decades they have become more sedentary, and face the threat of arrest and seizure of their boats if they hunt in national parks. Scuba divers sometimes sabotage their fish traps to protect marine life.
Thailand has taken urgent steps addressing the climate crisis, but did barely include indigenous people in the process; especially when including the forestry sector in the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) new problems for indigenous communities will occur (because of stricter laws and measurement, negatively affecting them). Indigenous people are very important to the environment and those laws and tourism are threatening them.