Unit of individuality
What is an “ant” — the nestmate, the colony, or something else?
Is the "ant" the nestmate? the colony? Are ants social, eusocial, colonial, organismal, super-organismal, holo-organismal (e.g. symbionts, agriculture). What are the causes & consequences of “colony”? Other terms for this level of analysis? Just “ant” (as organism)? How do we describe what ants do, and what they are because of what they do?
is the ant carrying a seed "foraging", and does that make it "a forager"? What if it is "observed in the foraging area" but not carrying a seed? Deborah Gordon has many relevant works here. Helen Longino on scientific pluralism & consequences of definitions of behavior in e.g. rodents. Power & Labor
What terms such as “caste”, “queen”, “worker”, “slave”, “parasite” structure the discourse around colony anatomy and physiology?
Sex & Reproduction
What are the causes and consequences of how people deploy their sex/gender concepts while Ento-sensemaking?
“Sex determination” and “Sex differentiation” are the commonly-used terms Example review paper using these concepts: “Double nexus—Doublesex is the connecting element in sex determination” Kin
What is the kin, social, family, population structure of ants?
How are different kinds of relatedness considered (genetic, epigenetic, chemical, spatial), and how is relatedness deployed in and EcoEvoDevo? Making Kin not Population: Reconceiving Generations, Edited by Adele Clarke and Donna Haraway