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Linux Commands

SED Command

How to show only a given line or range of lines?

sed -n '1p' file_name

sed -n '1,5p' file_name

sed -n '$p' file_name

How to see all the users from India Country?

sed -n '/India/p' file_name

How to use multiple expression in sed command?

Example: If you wanna only see 2 and 5th line

sed -n -e '2p' -e '5p' file_name

How to see all the users from India and Germany?

sed -n -e '/India/p' -e '/Germany/p' file_name

How to see next 4 lines from 2nd line?

sed -n ‘2,+4p’ file_name

How to see every 2nd line from first line?

sed -n ‘1~2p’ file_name

How to read expression from external file?

sed -f ex_file file_name

How to replace a word in a file and show?

sed 's/<string_to_change>/<new_string>/g' file_name

How to replace a word in a file and show except a given line or only in given line?

sed '5 s/<string_to_change>/<new_string>/g' file_name

sed '5! s/<string_to_change>/<new_string>/g' file_name

How to replace a word and and edit in your file?

sed -i 's/<string_to_change>/<new_string>/g' file_name

How to change salary or country of a user (Paul)?

sed '/Paul/ s/25000/35000/g' file_name

sed '/Paul/ s/India/US/g' file_name

How to delete a line?

sed '1d' file_name (to delete first line)

sed '1,2d' file_name

sed '$d' file_name

How to delete user from India country?

sed ‘/India/d’ file_name

How to delete empty line?

sed '/^$/d' file_name

How to replace tab with space?

sed 's/\t/ /g' file_name

How to copy output of sed command in separate file?

sed -n ‘/India/ w new_file_name’ file_name

How to add new line after a given line no.?

sed '5 a new_text' file_name

How to add new line after a given string, so it will add text after Paul?

sed '/Paul/ a new_text' file_name

How to edit existing line instead of adding new line?

sed '5 c new_text' file_name (it will add text at line 5)

How to add new line before a given string, so it will add text before Paul?

sed '/Paul/ i new_text' file_name

How to see the hidden characters?

sed -n 'l' file_name

How to wrap your file content with given no. of characters?

sed -n 'l 50' file_name

How to read content from a file and use in our command?

sed '3 r externalfile' file_name

How to stop execution of sed command as soon as first occurance found?

sed ‘/India/ q’ file_name

sed ‘5 q’ file_name (stop execution at line 5)

How to provide exit status for your sed command?

sed ‘/India/ q 100’ file_name

How to execute external command line date in your expression?

sed '2 e date' file_name

How to see the line number in file?

sed '=' file_name

SED Regular Expressions

^ start of line

$ end of line

. single character

[] match character set

[^] exclusive Set

* zero or more occurance

examples:

sed -n '/^2/p' file_name

sed -n '/ia$/p' file_name

How to find a 5 letter name which start with S and end with a?

sed -n '/^S...a$/p' names

How to find names start with V?

sed -n '/^V/p' names

How to find names end with a?

sed -n '/a$/p' names

How to use wild card?

ls -ltr *.txt

How to see names start with only A and C?

sed -n '/[AC]/p' names

How to see names start with only A to D?

sed -n '/^[A-D]/p' names

POSIX Classes

Example: sed -n ‘/[[:alpha:]]/p’ posix

[:alnum:]

[:alpha:]

[:digit:]

[:blank:]

[:lower:]

[:upper:]

[:punct:]

[:space:]

s - substitute

g - global

c - change

i - insert

d - delete

r - read from a file

e - expression or other commands

q - quit execution after something

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