Access
Sell access to a community, product, service, or asset.
AirBnB
Add-on
Sell a product or service at a low base price, but use high-margin add-ons to drive profits.
Most car manufacturers
Advertising
Sell advertising space on an owned channel s.a. a podcast or newsletter.
My First Million Podcast
Affiliation
Activate third parties (often customers) as resellers in exchange for a small fee.
Happens a lot with info-products
Aikido
Using a competitor’s strength against them, by doing the exact opposite successfully.
Superhuman
Assetization
Translate your specific knowledge and skills into assets that you can sell indefinitely (vs deliver them as a service).
Visualize Value
Auction
Pricing strategy placed on bidding, where the highest bidder gets to purchase the product.
NFTs!
Barter
Exchange products and services with other entrepreneurs instead of cash.
Some Peer-to-Peer solutions
Bottom-of-the-Pyramid
Position your solution towards bettering the life of the 1 billion poorest people on the planet.
Cheap vaccination, education, birth control, & water filtration solutions
Broker
Act as the middleman connecting supply and demand-sides together.
RemoteOK
Build-to-Order
Build a semi-tailored solution of a product, only after the purchase order has come in.
Koenigsegg cars
Bundling
Bundle different complimentary products together for a discounted price.
Happens a lot with info-products
Co-Creation
Facilitate sessions with your audience in which you actively ideate and develop a solution together.
LEGO
Consultancy
Offer your specific knowledge as a service to third parties.
Notion Consutants
Cross-Selling
Offer complimentary or additional products to maximise ‘basket value’ per acquired customer.
Recommended products on ecommerce sites
Crowd Funding
Leverage the capital of your audience to finance your business.
Gumroad
Crowd Sourcing
Leverage the power of your audience to produce specific knowledge / skills, or content for you.
User Generated Content
Curation
Instead of creating original products, services, or content, collect high quality products, services, and content under one roof as a resource for your customer.
Startupstash
Customer Loyalty
Use gamification and experience to keep the customer around longer.
Nike Run
Customer Profiling
Collecting customer data both actively and passively to understand them better and make better offerings.
Facebook Ads
Digitization
Transforming existing products / services into a digital counterpart.
Ebooks
Direct to Consumer
See where you can cut out the middleman and sell your product directly to the end-consumer.
Casper
Discount
Pricing strategy to make the offer more attractive to the customer
Save 10% if you pay for a year vs per month
eCommerce
Selling products exclusively through digital channels.
Gumroad
Experience Selling
Selling emotional value and the experience, rather than just the functional aspects of the product or service.
Usually strong branding, cult-like following.
Flat Fee
Customers pay a one-time fixed rate, and then can use infinitely.
All-you-can-eat restaurants
Fractional Ownership
Customers only purchase a part of an asset, vs in its entirety, together with others. They therefore pay less than they would have.
Sharing your Netflix Account
Franchising
License the right to use your brand and business model in exchange for a margin of revenue.
McDonalds
Freemium
A basic version of the product or service is free of charge, while a premium version is made available against additional payment.
Spotify, Dropbox, Shoutout.so
The Guarantee
Main proposition is ‘peace of mind’ because the solution always works.
AWS
The Guild (Collective)
A collective of individual founders / entrepreneurs, that join forces to deliver added value, and leverage the power of organisation.
OnDeck Global Build Weekend
Hotel California
Attract customers with a must-have product to cross-sell unrelated high margin items.
Food & drinks at a music event
Ingredient Branding
Positioning a product based on a component that cannot be bought stand-alone. GPT-3 is another example.
Intel Inside
Integrator
The opposite of the Layer player. The integrator tries to provide solutions for the entire customer journey end-to-end, thereby owning it.
Facebook as a primary browser in 3rd world countries.
Layer Player
Own a single, smaller step in a larger customer journey.
PayPal
Leverage (Customer) Data
Invest in (customer) data collection as your primary asset, from which multiple new business models can be developed.
Facebook Ads
Licensing
License a piece of intellectual property to third parties.
Marvel. Sports Games.
Local
Target a geographically hyperlocal audience and / or source products and services locally.
Rohan Gilkes
Lock-In
Create product ecosystems that complement each other in a way that makes it hard for the user to switch to another solution.
Apple
Long Tail
Selling a large range of products – some at a loss, some at a profit, with the aim of net averaging a higher profit.
Amazon
Luxury
Position to appeal to customers who are willing to pay a 100 - 500% premium for the ultimate luxury.
Equinox
Mass Customisation
Customers can customise their product within certain limits to maximise experience on the one hand and efficiency on the other.
Sneak-Peek
Network Effect
Create a product of which the value becomes higher as more people use it
Social Media
No Frills
Offering is trimmed down to the bare minimum, with the goal to make it cheaper than the competition.
Notion Templates replacing entire business software packages
On Demand
The product or service is delivered at the user’s schedule.
Netflix
One-Stop-Shop
One dedicated point of sale for all product- / service-types within a certain vertical.
Envato Market
Open Business Model
Openly share all your company’s financial data in public.
Open Source
Products / Services are developed by a public community, where all documents, data, and builds are openly accessible.
Wikipedia
Orchestrator
Focus on your specific knowledge and outsource the rest to third parties to deliver a complete service or product.
Partnership
Strategic alliance with another product / service provider or creator to deliver more value.
Podcast OS
Pay-Per-Use
Users pay per unit time, use, or other increment.
Twilio
Pay What You Want
Customers pay based on their perceived value of the product or service delivered.
Gumroad offers this option
Peer-to-Peer
Facilitate transactions between private individuals.
Cuppa
Value-based Pricing
Pricing a product or service based on the value it delivers, rather than it’s ‘rational’ worth.
Logo Design
Premium
Position for customers willing to pay 20-50% extra for better service, sustainability, etc.
Adding a coaching session on top of an info product
Demand-based Pricing
Pricing and availability are determined based on customer demand
Newsletter OS
Selling Sawdust
Sell your learnings from delivering a service in practice as a product.
Launch.OS
Razor & Blade Model
Sell the base product at a loss, but the consumables at a higher margin.
Playstation
Inverted Razor & Blade
Appeal to the customer’s investment mindset, paying a lot up front, but saving in the long term on the consumable.
Solar Panels
Renting / Leasing
Paying only for the temporary use of the product. The rental period is (often) fixed.
Leasing a Tesla using Bitcoin
Retailer
Reselling of goods by a third party from an owned Point of Sale
Amazon
Revenue Sharing
Multiple parties working together, delivering different parts of the value, and sharing the revenue.
Apple App Store, Steam
Robin Hood
Pricing your product differently for different income classes / backgrounds.
OnDeck
Self-Service
Part of the value to the customer is delivered by the customer.
Ikea, McDonalds
Service-as-a-Product
Sell a service or combination of services for a fixed price as if it were a product.
Web Design
Shop-in-Shop
Open an independent shop in an established retail space.
Instagram Shops
Social Business Model
Spend at least part of your core business activities for social causes.
WomeninTech
Software-as-a-Service
Deliver a continuously updated piece of software for a fixed recurring fee.
Bubble
Specialisation
Sell expert in a single skill, or narrow skillset, that is scarce.
Notion Consutants
Subscription
Deliver products or services on a fixed basis, for a recurring fee.
Substack
Supermarket
Longtail formula where you sell a wide range of products from a single Point of Sale.
Wallgreens
Two-sided-Marketplace
Serve as a platform connecting supply and demand.
Uber, AirBnB.
Upsell
Once the customer is ‘in the door’ try to sell them additional products to maximise purchase value.
McDonalds “Do you want to make that a Menu?”
User Co-creation
Create products in collaboration with your customer.
LEGO
Virtual Economy
A virtual economy selling virtual goods paid with points or tokens, sometimes purchasable with real currency. Often found in Games.
Fortnite.
White Label
Sell a brand-less product to multiple resellers, who can brand it as their own.
Many Alibaba Suppliers