Renewable energy technologies for small-scale off-grid power generation
The following off-grid electricity generation technologies are included in the positive list where the individual units do not exceed the thresholds indicated in parentheses with the aggregate project installed capacity not exceeding the 15 MW threshold:
(a) Micro/pico-hydro (with power plant size up to 100 kW);
(b) Micro/pico-wind turbine (up to 100 kW);
(c) PV-wind hybrid (up to 100 kW);
(d) Geothermal (up to 200 kW);
(e) Biomass gasification/biogas (up to 100 kW);
Rural electrification projects.
Rural electrification is defined as a project activity for supplying renewable electricity to facilities and energy consumers that do not have access to any electricity distribution system/network such as a national grid or regional grid. Such electricity end-use facilities may include but are not limited to households, public buildings, and/or small, medium and micro enterprises. Electricity uses may include but are not limited to interior lighting, street lighting, refrigeration, or agricultural water pumps. Rural electrification rate is the percentage of rural population having access to electricity.
SUZ as defined under the micro-scale additionality tool.
Project activities using renewable energy sources in countries with rural electrification rates less than 50 per cent; the most recent available data on the electrification rates shall be used to demonstrate compliance with the 50 per cent threshold.
In no case, data older than three years from the date of commencement of validation of the project activity shall be used. Rural electrification project activities by grid extension are automatically additional when all the following criteria are met:
(a) Rural electrification rate in the country is below 50 per cent;
(b) Geography: Least Developed Countries ,
(c) Small Island Developing States ,
(d) Special Under Developed Zone (SUZ);
Recent trends: rural electrification rate has increased by less than 20 per cent over the past 10 years; The extension of a grid for rural electrification of a community involves at least a distance of 3 km from the point of grid extension to the rural community at which the CDM project is implemented.
Positive list for technology/measure used by household, communities and SMEs.
The following technologies where the users of the technology/measure are households or communities or Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs):
(a) Biogas digesters for cooking: Digesters used in biogas generation from anaerobic treatment wastes (e.g., kitchen, vegetable, animal and farm) where the resulting biogas is used for heat production for cooking purpose as eligible under the approved CDM methodologies for example AMS-I.C., AMS-I.E. or AMS-I.I.;
(b) Micro-irrigation: Application of optimum quantify of water at low hourly flow rates directly to the root zone of plants (such as drip irrigation, micro-sprinklers), which results in avoidance of water losses attributed to the traditional flooded irrigation systems as eligible under the approved CDM methodology for example AMS-II.F.;
(c) Energy efficient pump-set for agriculture: Energy efficient pump and motor assembly together with starter and other electrical accessories/devices to deliver water for irrigation, as eligible under the approved CDM methodology for example AMS-II.P. Only pump-sets belonging to the highest efficiency class in the national standards and labelling (S & L) programme (e.g. five-star energy efficiency rating) are eligible. Where such S & L programme are not in place, it shall be demonstrated that the efficiency of project pump-sets is at least 10 per cent (in relative terms) higher than the average efficiency of the pump sets in the market to be eligible.
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Tool32 : Positive Technologies