Gallery
Share
Explore

Programming Practices to achieve a loosely coupled architecture:

Decoupling in software engineering means designing pieces of an application so that they are independent, or loosely coupled, from other parts of the application. This allows for easier maintenance, testing, and flexibility in development. Here are some Kotlin coding practices that can help you achieve this:
### 1. Use Interfaces and Abstract Classes Defining functionality through interfaces and abstract classes can help decouple the implementation details from the use of an object.
```kotlin interface Repository { fun getUser(id: String): User }
class UserRepository : Repository { override fun getUser(id: String): User { // Implementation details } } ```
### 2. Dependency Injection (DI) DI is a technique where objects are passed (injected) into a class, rather than the class creating the object itself.
```kotlin class ProfileViewModel(private val repository: Repository) { fun getProfile(id: String) { val user = repository.getUser(id) // Use the user object } } ```
DI can be implemented manually or with the help of frameworks like Dagger, Koin, or Hilt.
### 3. Higher-Order Functions Higher-order functions take functions as parameters or return functions. They can replace the need for listener interfaces, making your code more concise and flexible.
```kotlin fun fetchUserData(onSuccess: (User) -> Unit, onError: (Throwable) -> Unit) { try { val user = api.getUserData() onSuccess(user) } catch (error: Throwable) { onError(error) } } ```
### 4. Extension Functions Use extension functions to add functionality to classes without altering their code.
```kotlin fun String.appendExclamation() = this + "!" ```
### 5. Data Classes Use data classes for pure data holding purposes, which can be easily moved around the different layers of your app without creating dependencies.
```kotlin data class User(val id: String, val name: String) ```
### 6. Repository Pattern Use the repository pattern to separate data access logic from business logic, making your codebase more modular.
```kotlin class UserRepository(private val apiService: ApiService) { fun getUser(id: String): User { // Handle data operations } } ```
### 7. Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) or other Architecture Patterns Architecture patterns like MVVM, MVP, or Clean Architecture define strict roles for parts of your code, promoting separation of concerns.
### 8. Avoid Global State Global state and singletons can create hidden dependencies. Prefer dependency injection and passing instances where possible.
### 9. Use Service Locators Carefully A service locator can decouple the class from the construction of dependencies, but beware of overusing it, as it can become an anti-pattern similar to a global state.
### 10. Modularization Split your code into multiple modules. It can help you architect your app in a way where different features and components can evolve independently.
### 11. Delegated Properties Kotlin’s delegated properties allow for separation of concerns by extracting common property patterns into reusable types.
```kotlin class Example { var p: String by Delegate() } ```
By employing these practices, you can write Kotlin code that adheres to the principles of decoupling, leading to a codebase that is easier to manage, test, and develop further.
Want to print your doc?
This is not the way.
Try clicking the ⋯ next to your doc name or using a keyboard shortcut (
CtrlP
) instead.