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Installing and Setting Up MongoDB

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1. Introduction to MongoDB 2. Installing MongoDB on Different Operating Systems - Windows - macOS - Linux 3. Setting Up MongoDB Atlas 4. Connecting to MongoDB Using MongoDB Compass 5. Basic Commands to Verify Installation 6. Troubleshooting Common Issues

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### 1. Introduction to MongoDB

**MongoDB** is a NoSQL database that provides high performance, high availability, and easy scalability. It uses a document-oriented data model and supports dynamic schemas, making it an excellent choice for storing JSON-like documents.

### 2. Installing MongoDB on Different Operating Systems

#### Installing MongoDB on Windows

1. **Download MongoDB Installer** - Visit the [MongoDB Download Center](https://www.mongodb.com/try/download/community) and select the version for Windows. - Download the `.msi` installer.

2. **Run the Installer** - Double-click the downloaded `.msi` file. - Follow the installation prompts. Choose "Complete" setup.

3. **Set Up the Environment** - After installation, add the MongoDB binary directory (`C:\Program Files\MongoDB\Server\<version>\bin`) to your system's `PATH` environment variable.

4. **Create Data Directory** - MongoDB requires a data directory to store its data. By default, it will use `C:\data\db`. Create this directory using: ```cmd md \data\db ```

5. **Run MongoDB** - Open a command prompt and run: ```cmd mongod ``` - This will start the MongoDB server.

6. **Verify Installation** - Open another command prompt and run: ```cmd mongo ``` - This will start the MongoDB shell.

#### Installing MongoDB on macOS

1. **Install Homebrew** - Homebrew is a package manager for macOS. If you haven't installed it yet, you can do so by running: ```sh /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)" ```

2. **Install MongoDB** - Run the following command to install MongoDB: ```sh brew tap mongodb/brew brew install mongodb-community@5.0 ```

3. **Start MongoDB** - Start MongoDB using: ```sh brew services start mongodb/brew/mongodb-community ```

4. **Verify Installation** - Open a terminal and run: ```sh mongo ``` - This will start the MongoDB shell.

#### Installing MongoDB on Linux (Ubuntu)

1. **Import the Public Key** - Import the MongoDB public GPG key: ```sh wget -qO - https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-5.0.asc | sudo apt-key add - ```

2. **Create the List File** - Create a list file for MongoDB: ```sh echo "deb [ arch=amd64,arm64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu focal/mongodb-org/5.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-5.0.list ```

3. **Reload the Local Package Database** - Run: ```sh sudo apt-get update ```

4. **Install MongoDB Packages** - Install the MongoDB packages: ```sh sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org ```

5. **Start MongoDB** - Start the MongoDB service: ```sh sudo systemctl start mongod ```

6. **Verify Installation** - Run: ```sh mongo ``` - This will start the MongoDB shell.

### 3. Setting Up MongoDB Atlas

MongoDB Atlas is a cloud-based database service that provides an easy way to set up and manage MongoDB clusters.

1. **Sign Up for MongoDB Atlas** - Visit [MongoDB Atlas](https://www.mongodb.com/cloud/atlas/register) and sign up for a free account.

2. **Create a New Cluster** - Follow the prompts to create a new cluster. Choose the free tier for this exercise.

3. **Set Up Your Cluster** - After the cluster is created, click "Connect" and follow the instructions to whitelist your IP address and create a database user.

4. **Connect to Your Cluster** - You will be provided with a connection string. It looks something like this: ``` mongodb+srv://<username>:<password>@cluster0.mongodb.net/test ``` - Replace `<username>` and `<password>` with the credentials you created.

### 4. Connecting to MongoDB Using MongoDB Compass

MongoDB Compass is a graphical user interface that allows you to interact with your MongoDB data.

1. **Download MongoDB Compass** - Visit the [MongoDB Compass Download Page](https://www.mongodb.com/products/compass) and download the appropriate version for your operating system.

2. **Install MongoDB Compass** - Follow the installation instructions for your operating system.

3. **Connect to Your MongoDB Instance** - Open MongoDB Compass and enter the connection string you obtained from MongoDB Atlas. - Click "Connect" to establish the connection.

### 5. Basic Commands to Verify Installation

Once connected to MongoDB (either through the shell or MongoDB Compass), you can run a few basic commands to verify the installation.

#### MongoDB Shell

1. **Show Databases** ```sh show dbs ```

2. **Create a Database** ```sh use myTestDB ```

3. **Insert a Document** ```sh db.myCollection.insertOne({ name: "John Doe", age: 25 }) ```

4. **Find Documents** ```sh db.myCollection.find() ```

#### MongoDB Compass

1. **Create a Database** - Click on "Create Database", name it `myTestDB`, and add a collection `myCollection`.

2. **Insert a Document** - Click on `myCollection`, and then click on "Insert Document". Add: ```json { "name": "John Doe", "age": 25 } ```

3. **View Documents** - Click on "Find" to see the inserted documents.

### 6. Troubleshooting Common Issues

1. **Connection Issues** - Ensure MongoDB server is running (`mongod`). - Check network settings and whitelist IP addresses in MongoDB Atlas.

2. **Permission Issues** - Ensure you have the correct permissions for the directories MongoDB uses.

3. **Environment Variable Issues** - Ensure MongoDB bin directory is added to the `PATH` environment variable.

Conclusion

By following these steps, you will have installed and set up MongoDB on your system, created a database, and performed basic CRUD operations. This foundational knowledge will help you as you continue to work with MongoDB in more advanced scenarios.

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