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07. Html An Introduction

Key Terms

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Last edited 10 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 07. Html An Introduction

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Servers: Computers connected to the network (Internet) that store files and information in the form of websites and respond to client requests.

Clients: Computers connected to the network (Internet) that send requests to the servers.

Networking Protocols: The means by which computers connected to the network (Internet) communicate with each other.

Website: A collection of web pages.

Web Page: A document that contains text, graphics, videos, audio, and links to other pages.

Uniform Resource Locator (URL): A unique address for every web page of a website that allows access from anywhere in the world.

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): A markup language that describes the structure of a web page, allowing creation of web pages with paragraphs, headings, links, and block quotes.

Hypertext: A piece of text that has the special feature of linking to another document or web page.

Markup Language: A language that uses special symbols called tags to mark up a text document and instructs the browser how to display the text.

Tags: The basic building blocks of a web page that tell the browser how information is to be displayed and are enclosed in angular brackets.

WYSIWYG Editor: An HTML editor that stands for “What You See Is What You Get”, allowing the developer to see the end result as the document is created.

Text Editor: A basic program like Notepad or Wordpad used to create HTML documents, requiring the user to have proper knowledge of HTML commands.

Element: A combination of an opening tag, content, and a closing tag.

Container Tags: HTML tags that have both an opening and a closing tag.

Empty Tags: HTML tags that contain only an opening tag and do not have a closing tag, not enclosing any data.

Block Level Tags: HTML tags that take up the full width available and by default begin on a new line (e.g., <P>, <H1>).

Text Level Tags (Inline Tags): HTML tags used to mark up parts of the text that do not start with a new line (e.g., <B>, <i>).

Nesting of Tags: Starting a new tag before closing the previous tag, following the LIFO (Last In First Out) principle.

Attribute: A property that provides additional information about a tag, always specified inside the opening tag.

Head Section: The section of an HTML document (<head>) that contains information about the document (like title or stylesheets) not directly visible on the page.

Body Section: The section of an HTML document (<body>) that contains the main content to be shown on the web page.

<!DOCTYPE html>: A document type declaration that tells the browser the version of HTML, specifically HTML5.

<html> tag: The root tag that tells the web browser the enclosed text is a web page and marks the beginning and end of the HTML document.

<head> tag: Defines the header area of a web page, containing information for the browser (metadata) not displayed on the page.

<title> tag: Specifies the text that appears on the Title Bar (or tab) of the web browser.

<body> tag: Specifies the main content of the web page, where all visible text and elements are displayed.

<Hn> tag: Heading tags (<h1> to <h6>) used to give different levels of headings and sub-headings to content on a web page.

<P> tag: Defines the start and end of a paragraph, automatically inserting a blank line between paragraphs.

<BR> tag: An empty tag used to insert a line break, forcing subsequent content to a new line without starting a new paragraph.

<HR> tag: An empty tag used to insert a horizontal rule (line) to divide sections on a web page.

Bold Tag (<b>): A container tag used to give a bold effect to text.

Italic Tag (<i>): A container tag used to give an italic (slanted) effect to text.

<SUP> tag: Used to turn the enclosed text into a superscript (text appearing slightly above the normal line).

<SUB> tag: Used to turn the enclosed text into a subscript (text appearing slightly below the normal line).

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets): A design language used for styling a web page and describing how HTML content will be presented visually.

Inline Style Sheet: A method of applying CSS by writing styles directly within an HTML element’s style attribute.

Internal Style Sheet: A method of applying CSS by placing styles within <style> tags in the <head> section of an HTML document, typically for a single page’s unique style.

External Style Sheet: A method of applying CSS by writing styles in a separate .css file and linking it to the HTML document using the <link> tag.

color (CSS property): Specifies the text color of an element.

text-align (CSS property): Specifies the horizontal alignment of text within an element (left, right, center, justify).

text-indent (CSS property): Specifies the indentation of the first line of text within an element.

text-decoration (CSS property): Specifies text effects such as underline, overline, or strikethrough.

text-transform (CSS property): Specifies the capitalization of text (capitalize, uppercase, lowercase, none).

background-color (CSS property): Specifies the background color of an element.

background-image (CSS property): Specifies an image to be used as the background of an element.

background-repeat (CSS property): Specifies how a background image will repeat (repeat, repeat-x, repeat-y, no-repeat).

font-family (CSS property): Specifies the font face (e.g., Arial, Times New Roman) to be used for text.

font-size (CSS property): Specifies the size of the font used for text (e.g., in pixels).

font-style (CSS property): Specifies the style of the font, such as normal or italic.

font-weight (CSS property): Specifies how thick or thin characters in text should be displayed (e.g., normal, bold).

Margin: The space that appears around an element, used to set outer spacing for an element.

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