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06. Scratch Programming Game Creation

Key Terms

Prepared by: learnloophq@gmail.com

Last edited 10 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 06. Scratch Programming Game Creation

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Scratch: An easy programming language that is used to create games, animated stories and interactive arts and can be shared over the Internet.

Blocks: Puzzle piece shapes that are used to give instructions to the computer and are dragged to combine and create a project.

Backdrop: The background of the stage.

Sprite: The actor on the stage, which is the cat by default and located at the center of the stage when Scratch opens.

Go Button: The green flag button used for running programs.

Stop Button: The red button used for stopping programs.

Tabs: Interface areas like Code, Costumes, and Sounds.

Block Menu: Displays block categories.

Script Area: Where blocks are dragged to combine and form instructions.

Coding Area: The main area for stacking blocks to create a script.

Stage Area: Where actions occur and where the backdrop serves as the background.

Sprites Info Pane: Displays details about sprites and backdrops.

X value: Gives the horizontal (left to right) location of the Sprite on the stage.

Y value: Gives the vertical (top to bottom) location of the Sprite on the stage.

Motion blocks: Blue-colored blocks used to control the movement of a sprite.

Looks blocks: Purple-colored blocks that control how a sprite appears on stage.

Sound blocks: Pink-colored blocks that control sound functions and allow adding music or recorded audio.

Pen blocks: Green-colored blocks used to draw shapes and patterns on the stage, and change pen color and size.

Events blocks: Yellow-colored blocks that control how the blocks in a script will start to run, triggered by a particular action.

Control blocks: Blocks that control the blocks within your scripts, inserting conditional statements, loops, repeats and pauses.

Sensing blocks: Blocks that identify what’s happening at a given point and make your sprites or background respond to user actions.

Operators blocks: Light green-colored blocks that let you make comparisons or perform arithmetic functions on different values.

Variables (block category): Category that holds variables and lists for the values to be used in the Scratch script.

My Blocks: User-made custom blocks for any special requirement.

Loop: A process that instructs a computer to repeat a set of commands a specified number of times.

Program: A group of commands and instructions that tell the computer to carry out a task (also called a Script in Scratch).

Script: A collection of inter-locked blocks that makes a code in Scratch, which is another name for a program.

Data: All the numbers, text, date or pictures that we use in a program.

Variables: Stores data in the computer memory and its value changes.

Numeric variable: A variable that stores numbers that are used in calculations.

String variable: A variable that stores letters in the form of strings or characters, not used in calculations.

Arithmetic Operators: Operators that allow you to do arithmetic calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Relational Operators: Operators that allow you to compare the relationship between two values or variables and decide whether it is true or false.

Logical Operators: Operators that combine two or more relational operators to produce a single true/false result.

If…then block: A conditional block where if the condition is true, the blocks inside will run, otherwise they will not.

If…then…else block: A conditional block where if the condition is true, blocks inside the first condition run, and if false, blocks inside the else condition run.

Looping: The automatic running of a set of instructions more than once.

repeat block: A Control block used to run a set of instructions for a specified number of times.

repeat until block: A Control block used to run a set of instructions until a condition is satisfied.

forever block: A Control block used to run a set of instructions continuously until the Stop button is clicked by the user.

Polygons: 2D shapes with three or more straight lines and angles.

Regular polygon: A closed figure with all sides of equal length and all angles of equal size.

erase all block: A Pen block that erases everything drawn by the pen.

stamp block: A Pen block that creates a duplicate of the current sprite’s image on the stage.

pen up block: A Pen block that puts the pen up and stops the sprite from drawing anything.

pen down block: A Pen block that makes the sprite draw a non-stop line wherever it moves.

set pen color to block: A Pen block used to set the color of the pen to a color of your choice from the drop-down menu.

Change pen color by block: A Pen block that changes the pen colour, saturation, brightness and transparency.

set pen color to block (value): A Pen block that will set the pen colour, saturation, brightness and transparency to the given value.

when green flag clicked block: An Events block that activates the script once the green flag is clicked.

glide secs to x: y: block: A Motion block that changes the position of the Sprite smoothly to the specified location.

wait seconds block: A Control block that pauses the script for the specified time before moving to the next block.

say for seconds block: A Looks block that displays a message for the specified time.

next costume block: A Looks block that will change Sprite’s costume to the next one.

start sound block: A Sound block that will play a sound.

change color effect to block: A Looks block that will change the colour of the sprite.

if on edge, bounce block: A Motion block that will bring the sprite with a bounce when it reaches the edge of the stage.

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