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04. Human Digestive System

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Last edited 25 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 04. Human Digestive System

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The process of obtaining and using food substances is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Nutrition

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are energy-giving nutrients formed in green plants during photosynthesis.

Carbohydrates

One mole of fats releases _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ kcal of energy.

9.45

Nitrogen is the most essential element in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Proteins

Our body needs vitamins _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and K.

Calcium and phosphorus are essential for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ formation.

Bone

Food is essential for the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of chemical composition of cells and as raw materials for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of enzymes and hormones.

Maintenance, synthesis

Dietary fibres, also known as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, are cellulose fibres obtained from vegetables, salads, fresh fruits, and whole grains.

Roughage

The process of intake of food is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Ingestion

The breaking down of complex insoluble organic compounds into simple soluble molecules is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Digestion

The alimentary canal is about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ metres long.

The opening of the buccal cavity is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Mouth

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are the front teeth used for biting food.

Incisors

The first set of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ teeth appears from the age of 6 months onwards.

The arrangement of different types and number of teeth in the buccal cavity is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Dentition

A fleshy muscular _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is attached to the floor of mouth and has taste buds.

Tongue

The opening of the oesophagus in pharynx is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Gullet

Food slides down the oesophagus by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ movements.

Peristaltic

The stomach stores food for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hours.

4-5

The fine pulp formed after food is churned in the stomach is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Chyme

The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ sphincter guards the opening of oesophagus into the stomach.

Cardiac

The small intestine has three parts: duodenum, jejunum and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Ileum

The walls of the ileum have numerous finger-like projections called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Villi

The large intestine is divided into caecum, colon and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Rectum

The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the largest gland in the body.

Liver

The pancreas is located in the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -shaped loop of duodenum.

Salivary amylase present in saliva breaks starch into _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Maltose

Hydrochloric acid in the stomach makes food _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for the action of gastric enzymes.

Acidic

Pepsin breaks protein molecules into peptones and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Proteoses

Bile neutralises acidity of the chyme and makes it _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for enzyme action.

Alkaline

Pancreatic lipase acts on emulsified fats and hydrolyses them into fatty acids and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Glycerol

Digested carbohydrates change into glucose, fructose and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Galactose

The process by which molecules of digested food are taken into the blood through the intestinal wall is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Absorption

Humans cannot digest _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because the caecum is reduced and cellulose-digesting bacteria are absent.

Cellulose

The removal of undigested solid part of the food as faeces is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ or defecation.

Egestion

Enzymes are called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because they speed up chemical reactions occurring within the body.

Biocatalysts

Indigestion is also called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Dyspepsia

Feeling of fullness or _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of stomach is a common symptom of indigestion.

Bloating

Eating more of energy-rich food than required leads to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Obesity

When the body gets less than the required nutrients, it becomes weak and sick, a state called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Undernutrition

The diet which contains all the essential nutrients in just the right proportion is called a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Balanced diet

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