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03. The Cell

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Last edited 25 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 03. The Cell

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Cells are the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of our body.

building blocks

Cells are the basic unit of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in all living beings.

structure, function

Cells were discovered by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in 1665.

Robert Hooke

The detailed structure of cells was discovered after the invention of the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ microscope.

electron

The study of cells is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

cytology

The Cell Theory was explained by two scientists, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

Schleiden, Schwann

New cells arise by the division of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cells.

pre-existing

Robert Hooke is known for _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the term ‘Cell’.

coining

Unicellular organisms are formed of just _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cell.

one

Amoeba and Paramecium are examples of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ organisms.

unicellular

Multicellular organisms are formed of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cells.

many

A group of similar cells dedicated to perform a specific function is called a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

tissue

Several organs join together to form an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

organ system

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cells of stomata are kidney-shaped.

Guard

White blood cells move like Amoeba by giving out projections called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

pseudopodia

Muscle cells are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -shaped cells.

spindle

The smallest cells (bacteria) may be as small as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ micron.

0.1, 0.15

In our body, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cells are the smallest and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cells are the longest.

blood, nerve

The egg of an Ostrich is about _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in diameter, making it the largest cell.

15-20 cm

A typical cell has three basic parts: Cell membrane, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, and Nucleus.

Cytoplasm

Cell membrane is also called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ membrane.

plasma

The cell membrane is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ permeable membrane because it allows only selected substances to enter and leave the cell.

selectively

Cell wall is present only in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ cells.

plant

The cell wall is formed of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

cellulose

The cell wall is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ because it allows both liquid and gaseous substances to enter and leave the cell without hindrance.

permeable

Nucleus was discovered by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in 1831.

Robert Brown

The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

nuclear envelope

Chromatin fibres are composed of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and proteins.

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are seen only during cell division.

Chromosomes

RBCs in the human body are without nucleus, making them _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

enucleate

The nucleus is called the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of the cell.

control centre

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a jelly-like semifluid substance between the cell membrane and nucleus.

Cytoplasm

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is the living matter of the cell.

Protoplasm

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are found only in plant cells.

Plastids

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are green-coloured plastids due to the presence of chlorophyll.

Chloroplasts

Chloroplasts are called the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of the cell.

kitchen

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are coloured plastids that give varied colours to flowers and fruits.

Chromoplasts

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are colourless plastids that store starch, proteins, and fats.

Leucoplasts

The cavity of the vacuole is filled with a liquid called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

cell sap

The vacuole is separated from the cytoplasm by a membrane called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

tonoplast

Vacuoles keep the plant cell _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (stiff).

turgid

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are the powerhouses of the cell.

Mitochondria

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are known as the protein factories of cells.

Ribosomes

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are often called “suicide bags” due to their digestive enzymes.

Lysosomes

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are absent in plant cells but present in animal cells and are involved in spindle formation during cell division.

Centrosomes

New cells are needed to help in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of the body.

growth

New cells are formed by _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in all living organisms.

cell division

The process of colouring cells with a dye is called _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

staining

In onion peel cells, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -shaped cells are seen lying side-by-side.

brick

Animal cells from human cheek are typically _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ or _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in shape.

polygonal, irregular

Amoeba’s cytoplasm contains a single _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ vacuole and many small _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ vacuoles.

contractile, food

Chlamydomonas has two _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ for locomotion.

flagella

In mature plant cells, Golgi bodies are described as _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, while in animal cells there is typically only _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.

many, scattered; one

Every cell of the human body normally has _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ chromosomes.

46 (or 23 pairs of)

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