Chapter: 01. Maps And Diagrams
EXERCISES
Skills: Remembering and Understanding
A. Choose the correct option.
Which of these is a true model of the earth? Which of these maps are useful to understand the surface features of a country? Which of these is shown by a thematic map? B. Match the following.AB1. Anticlines and synclines(iii) Fold2. Tributary(iv) Joins the river3. Distributary(v) Separates from the river4. South-west(i) Intermediate direction5. East(ii) Cardinal direction
C. State whether the following are true or false. Rewrite the false statements correctly.
A map is a drawing of the whole earth or a part of it on a curved surface. False. A map is a drawing of the whole earth or a part of it on a flat surface. Small-scale maps show a small area in a large space. False. Small-scale maps show a large land area in a small space. The upfolds of a fold are known as anticlines. The fan-shaped feature at a river mouth is called a meander. False. The fan-shaped feature at a river mouth is called a delta. D. Explain the difference between each of the following pairs.
A globe is a three-dimensional, spherical model of the Earth that accurately represents its curved surface and shows the whole Earth but is difficult to carry and cannot mark all details. A map is a two-dimensional drawing of the whole or part of the Earth on a flat surface, which is easy to carry and can show distinct information using symbols and colors, though it cannot accurately represent the Earth’s curved surface. A sketch is a rough drawing based on memory, showing relative locations without being drawn to scale, generally lacking detail and accuracy in distance. A map is an accurate, scaled representation of an area that shows true shape and size, provides distinct information using signs and symbols, and is easy for all to understand. A tributary and a distributary A tributary is a stream that flows into a larger river, adding water to it. A distributary is a separate river channel that forms when a river splits and does not rejoin the main river, typically found in a delta region. A political map and a physical map A political map shows the boundaries of countries, states, and the location of capital cities and important towns. A physical map shows natural surface features such as mountains, valleys, plains, and rivers, often using different colors to represent land of various heights. E. Answer the following questions in brief.
An atlas is a collection of different types of maps bound together in the form of a book. Which map of India would be most useful to a tourist who is on a sightseeing trip to India? A political map would be most useful to a tourist to identify states, cities, and major towns for planning their sightseeing trip. A thematic map showing tourist attractions or historical sites would also be highly beneficial. How will you show the location of your house to a friend who is visiting you for the first time? I would draw a simple sketch for them, marking out major landmarks, turns, and streets along the route from a well-known point (like a bus stop or a prominent building) to my house, possibly noting any busy roads to avoid. How is a plan different from a sketch? A plan is a drawing that shows a layout for a small area or building, drawn accurately to scale, providing precise details and distances that are easy for anyone to understand. A sketch is a rough drawing based on memory, not drawn to scale, lacks precise details, and may be difficult for others to interpret accurately. A syncline is a downfold or the trough (dip) of a fold in the Earth’s crust, formed when rock layers are compressed. F. Answer the following questions.
What is a map? What are the different types of maps? A map is a drawing of the whole Earth or a part of it on a flat surface, usually a symbolic representation drawn on paper that provides information about the Earth’s surface in a simple and graphic manner. The different types of maps are: Based on details shown: Political maps, Physical maps, Thematic maps, and Topographical maps. Based on scale: Small-scale maps and Large-scale maps. Name the features that are represented through diagrams in maps. The features represented through diagrams are: Anticlines and Synclines (parts of a simple fold). Block Mountains (formed due to faults in the Earth’s crust). Rivers, Tributaries, Distributaries, Meanders, and Deltas. With the help of your atlas, make a list of thematic maps and describe any one. Examples of thematic maps: Climate maps, Vegetation maps, Population density maps, Mineral distribution maps, Rainfall maps, Agricultural production maps. Description of a Climate Map (example): A climate map is a thematic map that shows the different climate zones or patterns across a geographic area. It typically uses various colors or patterns to represent average temperature, rainfall, and seasonal changes, allowing users to understand the prevailing weather conditions in different regions. Skills: Applying and Analysing
Map work
In your atlas, identify three political, physical and thematic maps. Study the maps very carefully and list how these are different from one another. Political Maps: These maps focus on administrative and political divisions. They show national and international boundaries, state/provincial lines, capital cities, and major towns. Colors are typically used to distinguish between different political units, and their main purpose is to show human-made divisions. Physical Maps: These maps emphasize natural geographical features. They illustrate mountains, valleys, plains, plateaus, rivers, lakes, and oceans. Colors are often used to indicate elevation (e.g., green for lowlands, brown for mountains) and blue for water bodies, highlighting the Earth’s natural surface. Thematic Maps: These maps are designed to illustrate specific data or themes. They can show anything from population density, rainfall distribution, types of vegetation, mineral resources, or economic activities. Their distinguishing feature is that their legend and visual elements are entirely focused on communicating the specific chosen theme, often using symbols, shading, or color gradients to represent quantities or categories of data. Source-based questions
Look at this map carefully and answer the questions given below:
(Referring to the image assets/01._Maps_And_Diagrams_img_11.jpeg, labeled “A large-scale map” in the source document)
What type of map is shown here-large scale or small scale? This is a large-scale map. Why has this scale been used here? This scale has been used because it represents a small area (like a specific urban locality or neighborhood) in a larger space, allowing for the display of highly detailed information such as individual streets, specific buildings, landmarks, and other small features, which would be impossible to show clearly on a small-scale map. © Gross-Curricular Connect
How can understanding the geography and topography of a region impact the history and culture of the people who live there? (C-2.1) Understanding the geography and topography of a region profoundly impacts its history and culture by influencing: Settlement Patterns: People historically settled in areas with accessible water, fertile land (e.g., river valleys), or natural defenses (e.g., mountains). Economic Activities: Coastal areas fostered fishing and trade; fertile plains led to agriculture; mountainous regions encouraged pastoralism or mining. Migration and Invasion: Open plains often facilitated migrations and invasions, shaping ethnic and political histories, while natural barriers like mountains or deserts could isolate cultures. Trade Routes and Connectivity: Rivers, mountain passes, and coastlines dictated major trade routes, influencing cultural exchange and economic development. Cultural Practices and Beliefs: Distinct landforms, climate patterns, and resource availability shaped unique architectural styles, clothing, food habits, and even religious or mythical beliefs tied to the local environment. Resource Availability: The presence or absence of water, minerals, and arable land directly affected a society’s development, prosperity, and interaction with other regions. 
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