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08. North America

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Answers to textbook exercises

Prepared by: learnloophq@gmail.com
Last edited 42 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 08. North America

⁠

EXERCISES

Skills: Remembering and Understanding

A. Choose the correct option.

North America is the largest continent.
(ii) third
The Strait separates Asia from North America.
(i) Bering
The five lakes that make up the Great Lakes are Lake Huron, Lake Ontario, Lake Michigan, Lake Erie and .
(i) Lake Superior
The Grand Canyon has been formed by the River.
(iv) Colorado
Which of these is not the main production centre of lumber in Canada?
Based on the provided text, Quebec, Montreal, and Toronto are all explicitly listed as “main production centres” for pulp, newsprint, timber, and paper products. Therefore, none of the given options can be correctly identified as “not the main production centre.” This question as presented is contradictory to the source material.

B. Match the following.

Canadian Shield - (iv) Semi-circular
Western Cordilleras - (v) Rockies
Appalachian - (ii) Old fold mountains
St Lawrence River - (iii) Great Lakes
Waterfalls - (i) Fall Line

C. Fill in the blanks.

A narrow stretch of land that joins North America to South America and separates the Atlantic Ocean from the Pacific Ocean: Isthmus of Panama.
The tropical islands, called the West Indies, are located in this sea: Caribbean Sea.
A physical division of North America around the Hudson Bay which has the oldest known hard rocks of the world: Canadian or Laurentian Shield.
A river that flows northwards and drains into the Hudson Bay: Nelson River.

D. State whether the following are true or false. Rewrite the false statements correctly.

The 49° N latitude marks the boundary between Mexico and the USA.
False. The 49° N latitude marks the boundary between Canada and the USA.
The Tropic of Cancer passes through Mexico, which is a large country in North America.
True.
Newfoundland is the largest island in the world.
False. Greenland is the largest island in the world.
There are many active and extinct volcanoes and hot springs in the Appalachian Range.
False. There are many active and extinct volcanoes and hot springs in the Western Cordilleras.
Lumbering is done in summer when the rivers are flooded.
False. Lumbering is traditionally done in the winter season, and logs are floated down the rivers in summer when the ice thaws.

E. Give geographical reasons for the following:

The 49° N latitude and the 100° W longitude are important for North America.
The 49° N latitude is important because it marks the boundary between Canada and the USA. The 100° W longitude is important as it passes through the centre of North America, near Winnipeg.
The Western Cordilleras form part of the ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’.
The Western Cordilleras form part of the ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’ because they lie very close to the Pacific Coast and are characterized by many active and extinct volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.
The Appalachians appear as low hills today.
The Appalachians appear as low hills today because they are old fold mountains that were once much higher than the Rockies, but have been extensively eroded by glaciers and rivers over millions of years.
Lumbering is traditionally done in the winter season.
Lumbering is traditionally done in the winter season because the sap in the trees is frozen, making cutting easier. The frozen ground and rivers allow logs to be conveniently dragged and piled, and then floated down when the ice thaws in summer. Additionally, the winter air is clean, refreshing, and free from pests.

F. Answer the following questions in brief.

Name any two islands that form the West Indies.
Cuba, Jamaica.
Name the four major physical divisions of North America.
The Canadian or Laurentian Shield
The Western Mountain System or Western Cordilleras
The Eastern Highlands or Appalachian Mountains
The Central Lowlands or Great Central Plains
Give any two differences between the Rockies and the Appalachians.
The Rockies are young fold mountains, while the Appalachians are old fold mountains.
The Rockies are much higher (average 3,000 m) with steep slopes and high peaks (e.g., Mt Denali), whereas the Appalachians are lower (average 1,200-1,500 m) and have been eroded over time.
Where is the Grand Canyon situated? Why is it so famous?
The Grand Canyon is situated in North America, carved by the Colorado River. It is famous for its immense beauty and majesty, being about 2,000-m-deep and 480-km long with deep valleys and almost vertical sides.
Name any two rivers that drain into the Pacific Ocean.
Yukon, Columbia.

G. Answer the following questions.

Why is the Canadian Shield region full of lakes? Name any three lakes other than the five Great Lakes.
The Canadian Shield region is full of lakes because during the Ice Age, huge glaciers scraped and scoured out numerous deep hollows or depressions in the land. When the Ice Age ended, these depressions were filled with meltwater from the retreating ice, forming the many freshwater lakes found today.
Three lakes other than the five Great Lakes are Lake Winnipeg, the Great Bear Lake, and the Great Slave Lake.
What do you understand by a intermontane plateau? Give two examples from North America.
An intermontane plateau is a plateau which is surrounded by mountains on all sides.
Two examples from North America are the Columbian Plateau and the Colorado Plateau.
Why are the Western Cordilleras part of the ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’? Give two reasons.
The Western Cordilleras are part of the ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’ primarily because they are located very close to the Pacific Coast, which is a major tectonic plate boundary.
Two reasons are: 1) The presence of many active and extinct volcanoes within this mountain system. 2) It is a region frequently affected by earthquakes.
Why is lumbering done in winters?
Lumbering is done in winters for several reasons: the sap in the trees is frozen, which makes felling easier; logs can be conveniently dragged over the frozen ground and piled on frozen rivers and lakes, allowing them to float down easily when the ice thaws in summer; and the winter air is clean, refreshing, and free from pests, making working conditions more favorable.
How is the work of buckers different from skidders?
Buckers (also called sawers) are lumberjacks who use saws and axes to cut felled tree trunks into specific shorter lengths, typically measuring 1 m to 5 m, preparing them for sawmills or pulp mills.
Skidders are lumberjacks who collect and drag these cut logs and then stack them along a frozen river bank, road, or railway line, ready for the next stage of transportation.

H. Map work

On an outline map of North America, do as directed.
(i) Requires marking and labeling on a physical map of North America.
(ii) Requires marking and labeling on a physical map of North America.
(iii) Requires marking and labeling on a political map of North America.
On an outline map of North America, mark top 10 important tourist spots.
Requires marking on a map of North America.

I. Source-based question

This is a photograph of the Grand Canyon in Arizona.
Why do you think this canyon is called ‘Grand’?
The Grand Canyon is called ‘Grand’ due to its immense size, depth (approximately 2,000 meters deep), length (480 km long), and its spectacular beauty and majesty, making it a truly impressive natural wonder.
Name the river that has carved out the Grand Canyon.
The Grand Canyon has been carved out by the Colorado River.
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