Answer key

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Last edited 25 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 04. Human Digestive System

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The fine pulp formed after food is churned in the stomach is called chyme.

The process of obtaining and using food substances is called nutrition.

The Liver is the largest gland in the body.

Nitrogen is the most essential element in Proteins.

Indigestion is also called Dyspepsia.

The diet which contains all the essential nutrients in just the right proportion is called a Balanced diet.

The large intestine is divided into caecum, colon and Rectum.

Incisors are the front teeth used for biting food.

Food is essential for the Maintenance of chemical composition of cells and as raw materials for synthesis of enzymes and hormones.

One mole of fats releases 9.45 kcal of energy.

Eating more of energy-rich food than required leads to Obesity.

The opening of the buccal cavity is called Mouth.

A fleshy muscular Tongue is attached to the floor of mouth and has taste buds.

The process by which molecules of digested food are taken into the blood through the intestinal wall is called Absorption.

The Cardiac sphincter guards the opening of oesophagus into the stomach.

The first set of 20 teeth appears from the age of 6 months onwards.

The alimentary canal is about 9 metres long.

Enzymes are called Biocatalysts because they speed up chemical reactions occurring within the body.

Salivary amylase present in saliva breaks starch into Maltose.

Digested carbohydrates change into glucose, fructose and Galactose.

When the body gets less than the required nutrients, it becomes weak and sick, a state called Undernutrition.

Humans cannot digest Cellulose because the caecum is reduced and cellulose-digesting bacteria are absent.

The walls of the ileum have numerous finger-like projections called Villi.

Food slides down the oesophagus by Peristaltic movements.

Dietary fibres, also known as Roughage, are cellulose fibres obtained from vegetables, salads, fresh fruits, and whole grains.

Hydrochloric acid in the stomach makes food Acidic for the action of gastric enzymes.

The pancreas is located in the U-shaped loop of duodenum.

The small intestine has three parts: duodenum, jejunum and Ileum.

The opening of the oesophagus in pharynx is called Gullet.

The removal of undigested solid part of the food as faeces is called Egestion or defecation.

Our body needs vitamins D and K.

The process of intake of food is called Ingestion.

The breaking down of complex insoluble organic compounds into simple soluble molecules is called Digestion.

The stomach stores food for 4-5 hours.

Calcium and phosphorus are essential for Bone formation.

Feeling of fullness or Bloating of stomach is a common symptom of indigestion.

Pancreatic lipase acts on emulsified fats and hydrolyses them into fatty acids and Glycerol.

Carbohydrates are energy-giving nutrients formed in green plants during photosynthesis.

The arrangement of different types and number of teeth in the buccal cavity is called Dentition.

Bile neutralises acidity of the chyme and makes it Alkaline for enzyme action.

Pepsin breaks protein molecules into peptones and Proteoses.

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