Answer key

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Last edited 25 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 02. Matter

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An atom is the smallest particle that exhibits properties of matter but does not have an independent existence, while a molecule is the smallest particle that exhibits all properties of matter and has an independent existence.

Interconversion of states of matter is the process where matter changes from one state to another and can revert to its original state without altering its chemical composition, typically by changes in temperature or pressure.

Liquids are not rigid because their intermolecular space is greater than in solids, and the intermolecular force of attraction is weaker, allowing molecules to move within the liquid’s boundaries.

Yes, air can be felt, for instance, as wind, even though it is invisible to the eye.

When solids, liquids, and gases are cooled, their volume generally contracts or decreases.

Living matter grows, moves, and reproduces on its own, whereas non-living matter does not.

Naphthalene balls reduce in size over time when left out because they undergo sublimation, directly changing from a solid to a vapor without passing through a liquid state.

The three properties that decide the state of matter are intermolecular space, intermolecular force of attraction, and the movement of molecules.

An example of natural matter is rock, which is found in nature.

Yes, liquids can easily diffuse into other liquids, allowing their particles to intermix.

Increasing pressure on a gas, especially when combined with reduced temperature, can cause its intermolecular forces to increase due to decreased intermolecular space, leading the gas to change into a liquid state.

Solids are incompressible because their molecules are already very closely packed with negligible intermolecular space, leaving almost no room for further compression.

A material is a substance from which a specific thing or object is made.

Kinetic energy in relation to particles of matter refers to the energy they possess that causes them to be in a continuous, random motion.

Condensation point is the fixed temperature at which a vapor changes into its liquid state upon cooling.

Two things not considered matter are heat and sound, as they do not have mass or occupy space.

In a solid state, molecules are not free to move from one position to another; they only vibrate about their fixed positions.

Condensation point is the fixed temperature at which a vapor changes into its liquid state upon cooling.

As the intermolecular force of attraction decreases, the intermolecular space between matter particles increases.

Gases flow in all directions because the intermolecular force of attraction in gases is negligible, allowing their molecules to move absolutely freely and randomly throughout any available space.

The two common properties of all types of matter are that they have mass and they occupy space.

An example of a chemical change caused by heating is the burning of paper, which transforms it into ash with entirely different properties.

Boiling occurs at a fixed temperature called the boiling point, whereas evaporation occurs at any temperature below the boiling point.

Robert Brown gave evidence for the existence of Brownian motion.

An example of a liquid insoluble in water mentioned in the chapter is oil.

Cohesive force is the attraction between particles of the same kind, while adhesive force is the attraction between particles of different kinds.

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