Chapter: 01. Introduction To Chemistry
Section 1: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
(b) The study of the composition and properties of matter © The philosopher’s stone Section 2: Fill in the Blanks
Section 3: True/False Questions
Section 4: Explanations of Terms
Science: Science is the systematic knowledge gained by humans through observations and experimentation about the natural world. Alchemist: An alchemist was a person who practiced alchemy, an ancient tradition combining scientific and spiritual elements, often seeking to turn base metals into gold or find elixirs of life. Antipyretic: An antipyretic is a type of medicine specifically used to reduce high body temperature, commonly known as fever. Food Preservation: Food preservation is the process of treating food with certain chemicals or methods to prevent the growth of micro-organisms and spoilage, thus extending its shelf life and preventing waste. Section 5: Short Answer Questions
The three main branches of Science are Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. Two useful techniques developed by alchemists were the processes to extract metals from their ores (like isolating zinc) and mixing different metals to form alloys (like bronze). Insecticides help in agriculture by killing harmful insects that can damage crops, thus protecting the yield and ensuring more food production. If a person has a fever, they should take an Antipyretic medicine. This medicine will work to reduce their body temperature. Chemistry has helped industries grow by enabling the production of synthetic fibres for textiles and by providing raw materials like cement and paints for the construction industry. Section 6: Diagram-Based Questions
Science branches into Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. (a) Food Products
(b) Synthetic Fibres (or any other valid category like Medicines, Transport, etc.) Section 7: Long Answers
Chemistry plays an important role in various aspects of our daily life. In transport, vehicles rely on fuels like petrol, diesel, and LPG, which are all products available due to chemical knowledge and processes. For building materials, Chemistry is fundamental in creating substances like cement, mortar, steel, glass, and paints, which are essential raw materials for constructing buildings, bridges, and roads. Chemistry can have negative impacts, often referred to as its “dark side.” It can be used to create deadly explosives like atom bombs and hydrogen bombs, which pose severe threats. Additionally, while beneficial in moderation, the excessive use of chemical products such as agricultural fertilisers and pesticides can lead to significant environmental harm, polluting both soil and water resources. Section 8: Environmental Awareness / Everyday Use
It is important to increase agricultural production due to the continuous growth of the world’s population, which creates a higher demand for food. Chemistry-based products help achieve this by providing fertilisers to enrich soil nutrients for better crop growth, and pesticides, insecticides, and fungicides to protect crops from damage by pests, insects, and fungi, ensuring higher yields. Within the human body, chemical substances perform vital roles. Hydrochloric acid in the stomach is crucial for breaking down food during digestion. Enzymes are chemical substances that act as catalysts, speeding up countless chemical reactions necessary for life processes. Hormones are also chemical substances that act as messengers, controlling and regulating various activities throughout the body, from growth to metabolism. 
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