Answer key

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Last edited 26 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 05. Simple Machine

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Answer Key

According to “Science Alive,” a single fixed pulley and a wheel and axle arrangement are considered modified levers with their fulcrum located at the axle.

The Law of Levers describes the balance condition of a lever, stating that the product of load and load arm equals the product of effort and effort arm.

In one rotation of the screw, it moves through a distance equal to the distance between two consecutive threads.

The efficiency of a practical machine is always less than 100% because some energy is inevitably lost or wasted due to friction between its moving parts.

The myth states Archimedes invented the first simple machines, while the fact is that he developed and improved them, with early human beings inventing the first basic stone tools over 2 million years ago.

A wedge works by reducing the surface area where force is applied, which allows minimum effort to generate maximum pressure for cutting or splitting.

A compound machine is a machine that is made up of two or more simple machines working together to achieve a task.

The lever of the second order is always considered a force multiplier because its effort arm is always greater than its load arm, reducing the effort required.

The Johnstown Inclined Plane is located in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, USA, and is known as the world’s steepest vehicular inclined plane.

The primary function of simple machines is to change the direction or magnitude of force, making work easier and faster.

The mechanical advantage of a third-order lever is always less than 1, as the effort arm is shorter than the load arm.

Machines enable us to do unsafe and dangerous work safely, by allowing force application from a distance.

A compound machine’s mechanical advantage is equal to the product of the mechanical advantages of all the simple machines it is made up of.

The mechanical advantage of a lever can be calculated as the ratio of the effort arm to the load arm (MA = Effort arm / Load arm).

The two main factors that determine a machine’s ability to do work are its mechanical advantage and its efficiency.

Two practical applications of an inclined plane are ramps used for moving cars between floors in parking lots and gradual slopes found along hilly roads.

The word ‘machine’ is derived from the Greek word ‘makhana’ meaning ‘device’, first used around 1540 to refer to structures and gaining modern usage around 1670 for equipment with multiple moving parts.

Load is the weight or force that needs to be lifted or moved, representing the resistance the machine must overcome.

A block and tackle system is an arrangement of multiple pulleys used together to lift very heavy loads with significantly less effort by distributing the force.

Mechanical advantage is a ratio of two forces (load and effort), both measured in the same unit (Newtons), so their units cancel out, making it a pure number.

The mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is determined by the ratio of the distance the load travels along the slope to the vertical height the load is lifted.

A seesaw is an example of a first-order lever, where the fulcrum is positioned between the load and the effort.

The “Eco-Folder” activity is aligned with UN Sustainable Development Goal 12 because taking care of machines helps improve resource efficiency in consumption and production by extending their lifespan and reducing waste.

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