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Prepared by: learnloophq@gmail.com
Last edited 43 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 07. Minerals And Ores

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The lightness of aluminium is important because it makes it suitable for use in the aircraft industry, contributing to faster means of transport.
The primary use of uranium is as fuel in nuclear power plants.
Silver’s unique property as the best conductor of heat and electricity makes it an excellent choice for electrical applications.
Manganese is mainly used in the production of steel to produce steel of varying hardness, and also in industries such as glass, chemicals, and batteries.
Natural gas is colourless, tasteless, and odourless.
The United States was the largest producer of natural gas in the world in 2021.
A flux is added in the smelting process to clean and purify the metal by removing impurities as slag.
In India, almost 94% of the total limestone produced is primarily used in the cement industry.
Iron ore is alloyed with other elements to make it strong enough for industrial use, as raw iron is not sufficiently strong on its own.
About 37% of the total global share of crude oil production is contributed by OPEC as of 2021.
Chile produces nearly 25% of the world’s copper.
In the context of mineral resources, “exhaustible” means that these resources are limited and can be used up completely, as they take thousands of years to form and cannot be quickly replaced.
A mineral can be recognized from its colour, lustre (shine), hardness, and shape.
Australia was the largest producer of bauxite globally in 2021, and its largest mine is the Wcipa Mine.
The purpose of recycling materials like scrap metals in industries is to reduce mineral consumption and lessen the environmental impact of new mining.
Two alloys produced using copper are brass and bronze.
As ores for minerals like bauxite and iron become harder to find and extract, their prices rise very high.
Two metallic minerals commonly extracted through underground mining are gold and copper.
China was the largest producer of gold in the world in 2021.
Petroleum is referred to as ‘black gold’ because of its wide range of uses and critical importance as a fuel and raw material for many products in today’s world.
Metallic minerals have a shiny appearance, while non-metallic minerals have a dull appearance.
The use of petroleum is very damaging to the environment, primarily due to vehicles that use petrol being major polluters.
Indians were one of the earliest manufacturers and users of iron in the world, with evidence of surgical instruments made from iron being used as early as the 4th century BCE.
Mica is primarily used for insulation and heat resistance in the electrical industries.
Silver acts as the best conductor of heat and electricity.
South Africa was the world’s largest producer of manganese in 2021.
Gold is considered a precious metal because it is found in very limited quantities and provides economic security to a country, especially during economic crises.
China was the largest producer of coal in the world in 2021.
One product made from refined petroleum apart from fuels is synthetic fibres.
Minerals simplify our daily lives by being used to make common household items like door knobs and utensils, and by forming the basis of machines and tools that make tasks easier.
Non-metallic minerals are typically found in sedimentary rocks.
Dorabji Tata’s significant contribution was founding the Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO) in 1907, which was vital for producing high-quality steel for India’s industrial growth and infrastructure.
The conservation of coal, petroleum, and natural gas is particularly urgent because they are non-renewable resources that are being depleted rapidly and are not expected to last for more than 100 years.
Two countries well-endowed with mineral resources outside of Asia are the USA and Australia.
Open cast mines are also called quarries.
Mexico was the largest producer of silver in 2021.
Surface mining destroys trees and other natural vegetation and can harm soil, plants, and animal habitats.
Coal deposits are formed from the decayed remains of plants and trees that have been buried and transformed over millions of years.
The igneous and metamorphic rocks of central and the southern peninsular parts of India are rich in mineral resources.
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