Answer in one line

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Last edited 25 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 04. Mixtures Separations Of Mixtures

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Answer in one line

What is the main difference between a pure substance and an impure substance?

A pure substance contains only one kind of particle (atom or molecule), whereas an impure substance (mixture) contains two or more pure substances physically combined.

Give two examples of homogeneous mixtures.

Two examples of homogeneous mixtures are sugar solution and unpolluted air.

Give two examples of heterogeneous mixtures.

Two examples of heterogeneous mixtures are soil and water in oil.

How does the composition of a mixture differ from that of a compound?

A mixture has a variable composition where components can be in any proportion, while a compound has a fixed composition with components present in definite proportions by mass.

Why is air considered a mixture, not a compound?

Air is considered a mixture because its components are physically mixed and retain their individual properties, and its composition is not fixed.

State one reason why separation of components from a mixture is necessary.

Separation of components from a mixture is necessary to remove undesirable or harmful substances, such as small stones from rice.

When is the hand-picking method of separation most suitable?

The hand-picking method is most suitable for separating components from a mixture when the mixture is in a small quantity, the component to be separated forms a small portion, and the components differ visibly in size, color, or shape.

Explain the principle behind winnowing.

Winnowing separates components based on differences in their weight, where lighter components (like husk) are carried away by wind, while heavier components (like grains) fall vertically.

Name two different types of sieves based on their mesh size and give an application for each.

A sieve with fine holes is used in the kitchen to separate tea leaves from tea, and a sieve with large holes is used at construction sites to remove stones and pebbles from sand.

What properties of components are considered when choosing a separation method for a mixture?

When choosing a separation method, properties such as size, shape, color, density, melting point, boiling point, solubility, or magnetic nature of the components are considered.

What is meant by deposition in the context of sublimation?

Deposition is the process where a gas directly changes into its solid state upon cooling, without passing through a liquid phase.

Define the terms ‘sediment’ and ‘supernatant’ in sedimentation.

Sediment refers to the heavier, insoluble solid particles that settle at the bottom of a liquid, and supernatant is the clear liquid that remains above these settled particles.

How does alum help in the process of loading?

Alum helps in loading by causing fine solid particles, like clay in muddy water, to clump together and become heavier, which then settle down faster due to increased weight, thus speeding up sedimentation.

What are ‘residue’ and ‘filtrate’ in the process of filtration?

In filtration, ‘residue’ is the insoluble solid material that remains on the filter, while ‘filtrate’ is the clean liquid that passes through the filter.

How is common salt typically separated from sea water?

Common salt is typically separated from sea water through evaporation, where the seawater is collected in shallow beds and allowed to evaporate under the sun, leaving the solid salt behind.

Give an example of a mixture that requires more than one method for separation.

A mixture of iron filings, chalk powder, and common salt requires more than one method for separation, utilizing magnetic separation, dissolution, filtration, and evaporation.

Can components of a compound be separated by simple physical methods? Why or why not?

No, components of a compound cannot be separated by simple physical methods because they are chemically bonded and have lost their individual properties, requiring complex chemical processes for separation.

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