Answer in one line

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Last edited 26 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 01. Matter

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Answer in one line

Define matter in your own words.

Matter is anything that possesses mass and takes up space.

What are the two essential properties that all matter possesses?

All matter has mass and occupies space, which is also known as volume.

How do atoms and molecules relate to the composition of matter?

Matter is composed of extremely tiny particles, with atoms being the smallest units, and molecules being groups of atoms that combine together.

Explain the difference between intermolecular space and intermolecular force of attraction.

Intermolecular space refers to the empty gaps between molecules, while intermolecular force of attraction is the pulling force that exists between neighboring molecules.

Why do solids have a fixed shape and volume?

Solids have a fixed shape and volume because their molecules are closely packed with very strong intermolecular forces of attraction that hold them in rigid positions.

Why do liquids take the shape of their container?

Liquids take the shape of their container because their intermolecular forces of attraction are weaker than solids, allowing their molecules to move past each other and adapt to the container’s form.

What is unique about the intermolecular forces in gases compared to solids and liquids?

In gases, the intermolecular forces of attraction are almost negligible, which allows their molecules to move freely and independently, unlike solids and liquids.

Give an example of diffusion of gas into a liquid.

An example of diffusion of gas into a liquid is oxygen dissolving into water bodies, enabling aquatic animals to breathe.

What did Democritus suggest about the nature of matter?

Democritus proposed that matter is made of small, indivisible particles with empty space between them, and these particles are in constant motion.

How does the “Air Occupies Space” activity demonstrate a property of gas?

The “Air Occupies Space” activity demonstrates that air, a gas, takes up physical room, as shown by the trapped air in the bottle preventing the balloon from fully inflating.

Why is it easier to break a piece of coal than a piece of iron, based on molecular forces?

It is easier to break coal than iron because coal has weaker intermolecular forces of attraction compared to the very strong forces present in iron, meaning less energy is required to separate its particles.

List two forms of energy that are often mistaken for matter.

Two forms of energy that are often mistaken for matter are heat and light.

Describe how the molecules move in a solid.

In a solid, molecules are very closely packed and cannot move freely from place to place, but instead, they vibrate around their fixed positions.

Why do gases need a closed container to hold them?

Gases need a closed container because their molecules have negligible intermolecular forces and no fixed volume or shape, causing them to spread out and occupy the entire available space if not contained.

Explain why an iron ball has more mass than a ball of cotton, even if it occupies less space.

An iron ball has more mass than a ball of cotton even if it occupies less space because mass is the amount of matter an object contains, and iron packs more matter into a smaller volume than cotton does.

List three characteristics that distinguish gases from liquids.

Gases have no fixed shape or volume, have significantly larger intermolecular spaces, and their molecules have negligible intermolecular forces of attraction compared to liquids.

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