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09. South America

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Answer in one line

Prepared by: learnloophq@gmail.com
Last edited 42 days ago by Learn LoopHQ.

Chapter: 09. South America

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Answer in one line

What is the geographical shape of the South American continent?
The South American continent is triangular in shape, wider in the north and tapering to a point at Cape Horn in the south.
Name the two oceans bordering South America.
The Pacific Ocean lies to the west and the Atlantic Ocean lies to the east of South America.
Which significant latitude passes just south of Rio de Janeiro?
The Tropic of Capricorn passes just south of Rio de Janeiro.
What is the name of the highest waterfall in the world, and where is it located?
The highest waterfall in the world is Angel Falls, located in the Guiana Highlands.
What are the two main languages spoken in South America?
The two main languages spoken in South America are Spanish and Portuguese.
Which desert is known as the driest in the world and where is it located?
The Atacama Desert, located in north Chile, is known as the driest desert in the world.
What is the significance of Lake Titicaca?
Lake Titicaca is significant as the second highest freshwater lake in the world.
What are ‘llanose’ and where are they found?
‘Llanose’ are the plains in Spanish, referring to the Orinoco Plains in the northern part of the Central Plains.
What are ‘selvas’ and why are they important?
‘Selvas’ are the dense equatorial forests of the Amazon Lowlands, important as the largest rainforest in the world and for global climate and biodiversity.
What are ‘pampas’ and for what economic activities are they known?
‘Pampas’ are the temperate grassy plains of Argentina, known for cattle grazing, dairying, and wheat cultivation.
Why are the Eastern Highlands considered different from the Andes Mountains geologically?
The Eastern Highlands are composed of old, hard crystalline rocks, unlike the Andes Mountains which are high, young fold mountains formed by tectonic plate movements.
What is the official language of Brazil and why is it different from most other South American countries?
Brazil’s official language is Portuguese because it was a colony of Portugal, whereas most other South American countries were colonies of Spain.
Why does the Amazon River carry the largest volume of water in the world?
The Amazon River carries the largest volume of water in the world because it is fed by thousands of tributaries and daily heavy equatorial showers.
For what mineral deposit is Lake Maracaibo important?
Lake Maracaibo is very important for its rich mineral oil deposits.
What are the ‘lungs of the world’ in South America and why are they called that?
The ‘lungs of the world’ refer to the selvas (equatorial forests) of the Amazon Basin because the many trees take in carbon dioxide and give out large quantities of oxygen, which is beneficial for life on Earth.
Why is the traditional way of life of indigenous people in the Amazon Basin under threat?
Their traditional way of life is under threat due to illegal logging, oil and gas exploration, and the rapid spread of ranching and farming, which lead to loss of territory and gradual destruction of the rainforest.
Who was Amerigo Vespucci, and what is his significant contribution?
Amerigo Vespucci was a 16th-century Italian merchant and explorer after whom the continents of North and South America are named, as his accounts popularized the idea that a new continent had been discovered.
In which climatic region does rainfall mainly occur in winter in South America?
Rainfall mainly occurs in winter in the Mediterranean Climate region, primarily experienced in central Chile.
Which ocean current has a cooling and drying effect on the west coast of South America?
The cold Peru Current, flowing along the western coast, has a cooling and drying effect.
What is the significance of the coca tree found in the Andes?
The leaves of the coca tree are chewed by people in the rarefied atmosphere of the Andes to relieve fatigue and hunger.
Name two commercially valuable hardwood trees found in the Amazon’s equatorial forests.
Mahogany and rosewood are two commercially valuable hardwood trees found in the Amazon’s equatorial forests.
What medicinal product is obtained from the cinchona tree?
Quinine, a medicine used for treating malaria, is obtained from the bark of the cinchona tree.
How are the short, swift-flowing streams from the Andes useful?
The short, swift-flowing streams that descend the steep slopes of the Andes to the Pacific Coast are significant for power generation (hydroelectric power).
Which country is the biggest exporter of oil in South America and a member of OPEC?
Venezuela is the biggest exporter of oil in South America and is a member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).
What important product is derived from nitrates found in the Atacama Desert?
Nitrates found in the Atacama Desert are important for making fertilizers.
What is the widest distance across South America from north to south and east to west?
The widest distance across South America is 7,564 km from north to south and 5,300 km from east to west.
Besides Brazil and Argentina, name three other large countries in South America.
Peru, Colombia, and Bolivia are three other large countries in South America.
What is the collective name for South America, Central America, Mexico, and the West Indies, and why are they referred to as such?
These lands are collectively referred to as Latin America because Latin-speaking races from southern Europe were the first people to settle there.
What is the specific width of the West Coastal Plain in Peru, and how wide is it elsewhere?
In Peru, the West Coastal Plain is widest at 80 km, while elsewhere it varies between 10 to 15 km.
Name three specific types of animals found in the Amazon forests besides birds, monkeys, and insects.
Crocodiles, anacondas, and piranhas are three specific types of animals found in the Amazon forests.
What specific feature of the Alpaca and Llama makes them valuable domesticated animals in the Andes?
The alpaca provides fine wool, while the llama can carry loads, making them valuable domesticated animals.
What product is derived from the droppings of guano birds on the Guano Islands?
Guano, which is used as manure, is derived from the droppings of guano birds.
Which types of forests are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in Chile that are important for the paper industry?
Softwood trees found in the coniferous forests on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in Chile are important for the paper industry.
What is the significance of the La Paz cable car system beyond transportation?
Beyond transportation, the La Paz cable car system has helped to reduce traffic and air pollution in the city.
What is the range of average rainfall in regions with an Equatorial Climate in South America?
The average rainfall in regions with an Equatorial Climate is between 200 cm and 250 cm.
How is the climate of Quito different from Manaus, despite being at the same latitude, and why?
Quito, at 2,700m above sea level in the Andes, has a cool, pleasant climate with an average temperature of around 13° C, while Manaus, at sea level, has an average temperature of around 26° C due to the significant influence of altitude on climate.
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