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Brazil

Background info

The agreement was signed on September 27, 2018 under Michael Temer administration.

Administration now under Jair Bolsonaro, as of April 2020 the document was still being processed internally before it reaches Bolsonaro for legislation

Not huge in the media, not many Brazilians know about it

Environment

Brazil hosts a HUGE portion of the Amazon Rainforest (1.5 million square miles)- but they are under threat because of fires, deforestation, and climate, major carbon sink

Bolsonaro has promised to remove several of the protections there, including destroying indigenous preserves and land rights (Raposa Serra do Sol), advocates for agriculture and mining

Destruction of the natural water cycle in the Amazon Basin could deplete global water resources (Global Citizen)

Much of the deforestation is fueled by Bolsonaro (

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/aug/26/fires-are-devouring-the-amazon-and-jair-bolsonaro-is-to-blame⁠

)

13% of Brazil’s land is indigenous reserves (many of these are in the Amazon Rainforest)

Changes in temperatures/droughts/wind patterns/etc. Are destroying farms and disrupting migration and planting seasons

Floods in coastal cities becoming much more regular- in 2011 over 500 Brazilians were killed in a flood, Rio under 4 feet of water

Defenders

One of the deadliest countries for environmental defenders (in 2017, 57 environmental defenders were killed)

UN Human Rights Council in Brazil continues to issue statements and suggested plans moving forward after violence but are largely ignored by the government

305 indigenous groups

Gamela Indigenous

Akuntsu

Guajajara

Hydroelectric and mining projects threaten indigenous land, currently ~13.8% of land is protected under indigenous land rights, but continues to decrease under Bolsonaro’s plans

Threat that indigenous communities cannot be revised after they are demarcated by govt.

National Indian Foundation (FUNAI, major protector of indigenous human and land rights) dismantled by Bolsonaro

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