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Science Notebook 7th
The Giver
Science Notebook 8th
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The DNA Connection

The Genetic Code
the main function of genes is to control the production of proteins
proteins determine the size, shape, color, etc of an organism
Genes & DNA
a molecule of DNA is made of 4 nitrogen bases: Adenine (A), thymine (T), Guanine (G), & Cytosince (C) ————- a-t(u) ———- g-c
each gene is located in a specific place on a chromosome (locus)(the focus locus)
Order of the Bases
the order of nitrogen bases along a gene forms a genetic code that specifies what types of protein will be produced
A group of 3 DNA bases codes for 1 specific amino acid
cgt ———> alamine
codes for
How Cells Make Proteins
during protein synthesis the cell uses information from a gene on a chromosome to produce a specific protein
(ribosomes make protein)(mrna - messenger)
The Role of RNA
RNA - UACGGGCAUUAUGUCA
DNA - ATGCCCGTAATACAGT
Types of RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - copies of the coded message from DNA & it to the ribosome
Transfer RNA(tRNA)- carries AA’s to the ribosome & adds it to the chain
DNA unzips and an mRNA copy is produced
mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome
tRNA with the proper anticodon attaches, adding the AA it carries to the chain
protein molecule grows longer, tRNA detaches to pick up another AA (AA-amino acid)
Rna vs Dna
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