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4-6 (21/8-25/8)

4 (21/8)

1 IPA

Vowels transformation (active recollection)
Consonant pairs
Voiced vs Voiceless sound

2 Reading mcq (homework)(luyện IPA)

3

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Once machines are better than us at designing even smarter machines, progress towards these limits could accelerate.
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What would this mean for us?
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Could we ensure a safe and worthwhile coexistence with such machines?
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On the plus side, Al is already useful and profitable for many things, and super Al might be expected to be super useful, and super profitable.
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But the more powerful Al becomes, the more important it will be to specify its goals with great care.
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Folklore is full of tales of people who ask for the wrong thing, with disastrous consequences — King Midas, for example, might have wished that everything he touched turned to gold, but didn’t really intend this to apply to his breakfast.
16
Why does the writer mention the story of King Midas?
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A. to compare different visions of progress
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B. to illustrate that poorly defined objectives (goal, target) can go wrong
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C. to emphasise the need for cooperation
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D. to point out the financial advantages of a course of action

4

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So we need to create powerful Al machines that are ‘human-friendly’ — that have goals reliably aligned with our own values.
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One thing that makes this task difficult is that we are far from reliably human-friendly ourselves.
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We do many terrible things to each other and to many other creatures with whom we share the planet.
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If superintelligent machines don’t do a lot better than us, we’ll be in deep trouble.
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We'll have powerful new intelligence amplifying the dark sides of our own fallible natures.
17
What challenge does the writer refer to in the fourth paragraph?
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A. encouraging humans to behave in a more principled way
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B. deciding which values we want Al to share with us
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C. creating a better world for all creatures on the planet
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D. ensuring Al is more human-friendly than we are ourselves

5

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For safety’s sake, then, we want the machines to be ethically as well as cognitively superhuman.
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We want them to aim for the moral high ground, not for the troughs in which many of us spend some of our time.
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Luckily they'll be smart enough for the job.
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If there are routes to the moral high ground, they'll be better than us at finding them, and steering us in the right direction.
18
What does the writer suggest about the future of Al in the fifth paragraph?
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A. The safety of machines will become a key issue.
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B. It is hard to know what impact machines will have on the world.
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C. Machines will be superior to humans in certain respects.
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D. Many humans will oppose machines having a wider role.

6

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However, there are two big problems with this utopian vision.
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One is how we get the machines started on the journey, the other is what it would mean to reach this destination.
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The ‘getting started’ problem is that we need to tell the machines what they're looking for with sufficient clarity that we can be confident they will find it — whatever ‘it’ actually turns out to be
(Vấn đề gặp phải khi bắt đầu là chúng ta cần để/làm cho AI biết cái điều mà chúng đang tìm kiếm với đủ sự rõ ràng là chúng ta có thể đủ tự tin là AI sẽ tìm thấy nó)
→
.
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This won't be easy, given that we are tribal creatures and conflicted about the ideals ourselves.
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We often ignore the suffering of strangers, and even contribute to it, at least indirectly.
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How then, do we point machines in the direction of something better?
19
Which of the following best summarises (suy ra kết luận) the writer’s argument in the sixth paragraph?
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A. More intelligent machines will result in greater abuses of power.
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B. Machine learning will share very few features with human learning.
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C. There are a limited number of people with the knowledge to program machines.
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D. Human shortcomings (điểm yếu, khuyết điểm) will make creating the machines we need more difficult.

3 Writing task 1 (phần 1)

Criteria: 20’ / 150-220 words (220 is recommended) / 33% (làm task 2 trước)
Task
Describe the main points of a diagram.
Understand how “describe” and “explain” are different!
Which sentence is suitable to use in task 1?
“fast food consumption has risen because fast food is delicious and affordable”
“fast food consumption has increased/has grown/has risen”
Types of diagrams

LINE CHART

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image.png
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Task 1 - INTRODUCTION (paraphrased summary)
The line chart/diagram illustrates/compares the amounts of exported wheats in (+liệt kê)/ in three different regions / in three different areas / in three different places.
Useful phrase
From 1990 to 1995
Between 1990 and 1995
During/throughout the period from 1995 to 2005
During a period of 10 years
Over the (three-month) period (between April and June)
In 1990
By 1995
For 5 years

Task 2 - OVERVIEW (main point)

Useful phrase
Overall
It is clear from the graph that
As is shown by the graph,
It can be seen from the graph that
From the graph, it is clear (that)
As is illustrated by the graph,

BAR CHART
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image.png
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Task 1 - INTRODUCTION (paraphrased summary)
The bar chart/diagram
Useful phrase
From 1990 to 1995
Between 1990 and 1995
During/throughout the period from 1995 to 2005
During a period of 10 years
Over the (three-month) period (between April and June)
In 1990
By 1995
For 5 years

Task 2 - OVERVIEW (main point)

Useful phrase
Overall
It is clear from the graph that
As is shown by the graph,
It can be seen from the graph that
From the graph, it is clear (that)
As is illustrated by the graph,

TABLE
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image.png
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Task 1 - INTRODUCTION (paraphrased summary)

Useful phrase
From 1990 to 1995
Between 1990 and 1995
During/throughout the period from 1995 to 2005
During a period of 10 years
Over the (three-month) period (between April and June)
In 1990
By 1995
For 5 years

Task 2 - OVERVIEW (main point)

Useful phrase
Overall
It is clear from the graph that
As is shown by the graph,
It can be seen from the graph that
From the graph, it is clear (that)
As is illustrated by the graph,

PIE CHART (home work)

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image.png
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Task 1 - Introduction

Task 2 - Overview

1 IPA
2 Reading mcq (homework)(luyện IPA)
3
4
5
6
3 Writing task 1 (phần 1)
LINE CHART
BAR CHART
TABLE
PIE CHART (home work)
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